Conference articles and proceedings, Working papers, Technical papers
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Item 50 Years of Shared Responsibility with God-called Women in the Church of the Province of Uganda(Uganda Christian University, 2017-05) Byaruhanga, ChristopherThis is a Keynote address on the 50 Years of Shared Responsibility with God-called Women in the Church of the Province of UgandaItem An Access Control Framework for Protecting Personal Electronic Health Records(The MAURICON 2018 International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Computing Applications (ICONIC), 2018) Izaara, Ambrose Atiheire; Ssembatya, Richard; Kaggwa, FredThe increasing expansion of wireless systems and the extensive popularity and usage of mobile devices such as mobile phones and wireless tablets represents a great opportunity to use mobile devices as widespread health data access tools. Unfortunately, some problems impeding the general acceptance of mhealth such as privacy protection, limitation of wireless networks and handheld devices are still common. Challenges such as unreliable data repositories and limited connection speeds in resource-limited environments are also evident. The inadequate capabilities of hand-held devices and wireless systems make these Public Key Cryptography based frameworks unsuitable for mobile networks. Moreover, these protocols were designed to preserve the customary flow of health data, which is vulnerable to attack and increase the user’s risk. This research drew its foundations from literature and theoretical review and used qualitative approaches. In this paper, the researchers build on existing concepts of Medical Information Systems and use of Symmetric Key Infrastructure to design a framework for secure access to personal electronic health records. The framework provides identity protection for a patient from all forms of unauthorised data access. The framework not only reduces the computational operations between the engaging parties, but also achieves privacy protection for the user. Validation results from ICT experts demonstrate that the designed framework is applicable to secure access to personal medical health records in resource-limited settings.Item Achieving sustainable land ownership and land use conflict management in Uganda(2014-01) Ahumuza, John VianneyThis paper explores land ownership and land use conflict management in Uganda. The author builds an argument that supports the view that proper management of land ownership and Land use is vital for managing emerging conflicts. It highlights land ownership and Reform in Uganda focusing on a historical perspective. The author further focuses on Land related conflicts in Uganda. Specific attention is put on the progress towards land reform and sustainable use. The last part of the discussion ends with fostering sustainable land ownership conflict management. Recommendations aimed at creating sustainable peace in land ownership and land use in Uganda are also brought forward.Item Application of Information & Communication Technologies (ICTS) in Knowledge Management (KM): Case Studies of the Centre for Basic Research Library and the Privatization unit Library in Uganda.(2004) Kaddu, SarahThe paper examines the concept "Knowledge Management (KM)". It examines how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) could be effectively applied in Knowledge management in this context, I CTs advantages and disadvantages are analyzed along with challenges and strategies towards effective ICT application in KM. Further, the paper is based on content analysis of numerous documents and electronic sources in KM. It was also based on a mini survey and follow up interview of the Centre for Basic Research (CBR) and Privatization Unit Libraries (PU) in view of establishing what the staff and users in these Libraries understand by the term KM, Processes of KM and how ICT is applied in KM.Item Assessing the Library and Information Advocacy and Marketing Services: A case study of Uganda Christian University Library(Library and Information Services - Uganda Christian University, 2017-08) Galinnya, StephanasIt is acknowledged widely that libraries and archives have for a very long time endure from their image and visibility problems. This is probably why many librarians and archivists now recognise marketing as an essential topic; for example, in a survey conducted in Canada in 1997, (Savard, 2000 Pages 12-32). 84.4% of the respondents answered that marketing is important for library and information services (LIS). Similar results were contemplated earlier in the United Kingdom. (Collins and Glyptis, 1992) Librarians also think that marketing is a new issue for LIS, something that only emerged during the last three decades. Although marketing was more formally introduced in the profession after the 1970s it is engaging to understand that in North America at least, librarians took on marketing techniques as early as 1876, as Kleindl (a marketing professor, illustrated how libraries at this stage were innovative in many marketing strategies: segmenting and targeting clienteles, using publicity, direct mail, streetcar signs, telephone solicitation, banners, etc. The twentieth century library, the progressive library, would throw its doors open to all and encourage them to come in and join in the building of a community cultural center)(Kleindl, 2007) and Renberg (who traces history of marketing since 1876 and goes till formal marketing starts taking place in 1970, confirms the occurrences of terms such as, advertising in 1896, management in 1897, outreach in 1903, and extension work in 1909, in library literature, mainly in public libraries) demonstrated in their articles (Renberg, 2000 pages 5-11). Library and information science, it is multidisciplinary, embracing virtually every sphere of human endeavour. Many LIS and marketing may seem not to have a kind of interdependent relationship and therefore discrepancy. The impression of those with such view is that marketing is perceived to be a primarily concerned with buying and selling which is a profit-driven as against library which is a social service oriented centre and not for profit making. Academic libraries they are support departments affiliated to educational institutions playing a pivotal role by providing required library and information services to support academic activities and contribute in the development of their institutions and also undisputedly as accepted worldwide. Marketing techniques and strategies can be adopted for the promotion of library and information services with academic libraries in particular (Bhratt, 2009). Marketing offers both a theory and a process by which academic libraries can link results, products and roles. Marketing principles can assist them in determining their future and identify quality products and services, materials and programmes. Modern marketing can determine how the library will look like which can also determine the products it will offer.Item Assessment of Somali refugees’ wellbeing: the centrality of human needs.(2015-09) Balyejjusa, Moses SenkosiThere is a substantial body of literature on psychological wellbeing of refugees in psychology, especially in relation to refugee acculturation. However, very little research has been carried out on refugee wellbeing by assessing refugees’ objective conditions of living. This paper seeks to bridge this gap by evaluating the satisfaction of the human needs of Somali refugees in Kampala, Uganda. Drawing on data from thirty six individual in-depth interviews and seven focus group discussions with seventy Somali refugee and twenty two Ugandan study participants living in Kisenyi slum, the paper shows that the study participants assessed the satisfaction of seven objective elements. They include peace and security, housing, education, health care, financial security, food and employment. These objective elements can be seen to represent human needs when analysed in relation to Len Doyal and Ian Gough’s (1991) theory of human need formulation. Specifically the objective elements are similar in some respect to Doyal and Gough’s identified intermediate needs of physical security, nutritional food and safe water, economic security, protective housing, appropriate education, appropriate health care and a non-hazardous work environment. Doyal and Gough (1991) maintain that their identified needs equate to functionings such as being nourished, healthy, literate and numerate (educated), sheltered, clothed, etc under the capability approach. The study participants assessed some Somali refugees as having adequate satisfaction of these objective elements while others as having inadequate satisfaction. Further, the Ugandan study participants evaluated the satisfaction of the elements more positively while the Somali refugee participants evaluated the satisfaction more negatively. In this paper I argue that this is the case because of the differences in Somali refugees’ financial resources and social support, a comparison of Somali refugees’ life situation in Kampala vis-à-vis their previous life situation in Somalia, a comparison of Ugandans’ life situation with Somali refugees’ life situation, and the non-discriminatory and accepting host environment. Refugees with more financial resources and stronger social support have their human needs such as housing, food, health care, education, employment and financial security adequately satisfied while refugees with fewer financial resources and weak social support have their needs inadequately satisfied. The financial resources are mainly from the small and medium scale business enterprises owned by Somali refugees in Kisenyi while the social support is mainly in form of financial remittances from relatives and friends from industrialised or developed countries. In addition to financial resources and mutual social support, the non-discriminatory and accepting attitudes and behaviours of Ugandans resulted in the satisfaction of the human needs of housing, education, peace and security, and employment of this category of Somali refugees. The positive evaluation of the satisfaction of Somali refugees’ needs of housing, education, food and financial security by Ugandans is because most Ugandans living in Kisenyi are in a poorer financial position than Somali refugees. On the other hand, Somali refugees’ negative evaluation of the satisfaction of their needs is due to Somali refugees comparing their better conditions of living in Somalia before the outbreak of the civil war with their conditions of living in Kisenyi. The findings of the study suggest that financial resources and a non-discriminatory and accepting host environment are instrumentally important in promoting Somali refugees’ wellbeing since they guarantee adequate satisfaction of the human needs of Somali refugees. I therefore conclude by noting that having means to financial resources and a non-discriminatory and accepting host environment are fundamental in promoting and guaranteeing refugees’ wellbeing in general and Somali refugees in particular.Item Beyond the Transcript: Right Career for the Right Person.(Uganda Christian University, 2017-10) Gulere, Cornelius WambiAn occupation undertaken for a significant period of a person's life and with opportunities for progressItem Biodegradation of Estrogenic Compounds and Its Enhancement in a Membrane Bioreactor – Research Category III, Water Quality(UC Berkeley Center for Water Resources Technical Completion, 2002-09) Hermanowicz, Slawomir W.; Wozei, EleanorIn the project, we investigated enhancement removal of estrogenic activities in activated sludge. These activities are caused by natural and synthetic substances that mimic the effect of the human hormone estrogen and they potentially can disrupt the endocrine systems of exposed species and the reproductive systems of aquatic fauna. Human and animal wastes are a source of natural and synthetic estrogens to the environment since only a fraction is removed in conventional wastewater treatment. A yeast-based assay developed previously was modified to detect the estrogenic activity in wastewater samples. Using the assay, it was possible to quantify estrogenic activity in range equivalent to between approximately 100ng/L to 100g/L of the female hormone 17-estradiol (E2), with sensitivity as low as 0.03ngE2/L. The assay is therefore sensitive to the concentrations of environmental estrogens typically found in wastewater and the new assay may be a useful tool for screening for estrogenic activity. Compared to existing chemical analytical methods, the new test is simpler and covers a wider range of compounds. This is important because by-products of some of the influent estrogens are also active estrogens. For example, E2 is metabolized to estrone and estriol, which are estrogenic. Monitoring the removal of only a few substances may underestimate the estrogenic properties of treatment plant effluents and solids disposed of into the environment. Further experiments were carried out to determine the removal of estrogenic activity from water. Results show that the presence of activated sludge enhances removal of total estrogenic activity by at least 40% within 10-15 days.Item Building Responsive Communities to Maternal and Child Health–Multi Disciplinary Approach(2018-02-23) Musinguzi, JothamKeynote address of save the mothers reunion conference by Dr. Musinguzi Jotham is a Public Health Physician and an advocate for inclusion of reproductive health and HIV/AIDS on the international development agenda. Currently, he is the Director General of the National Population Council. He worked with PPDA as the Africa Regional Director. Dr. Musinguzi is anItem Building strong partnerships in Library Community through the Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC Early Career Fellowship Program for Continuing Professional Development(2016-08) Kaddu, SarahContinuing Professional Development (CPD) largely refers to the process of continuing growth of a professional within the profession. In Library and Information Science fields, there are two views on CPD- the narrow and the broad views. The narrow view posts CPD as the imparting/ acquiring of specific skills and knowledge to deal with specific new developments. It trains Information Professionals (IPs) to handle new trends. The broad view considers CPD as a much extensive process, by which IPs continuously enhance their knowledge and skills to maturity as professionals, persons, development in their work, new roles and responsibilities in a given community (Padwad and Krishna, 2011). The Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC Early Career Fellowship Program provides early career development and continuing education for library and information science professionals from countries with developing economies. Additionally, the Fellowship Program provides advanced continuing education and exposure to a broad range of issues in information technologies, library operations and global cooperative librarianship. Further, it is jointly sponsored by the IFLA and OCLC. According to OCLC and IFLA websites (2016), up to five individuals are selected every year for participation in this intensive four week Fellowship Program based at OCLC’s headquarters in Dublin, Ohio, USA. With the 2016 class, the program has welcomed eighty (80) librarians and information science professionals from 38 countries (OCLC website, 2016). Although eighty librarians have so far benefited from this program, it is not yet clear how much contribution this program has made on the library community. Therefore the aim of this paper is to establish the impact of the Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC Early Career Fellowship Program on building strong partnerships among the library and Information professionals and the Library Community. The specific objectives that guided this study were to: establish the knowledge and skills acquired from the IFLA/OCLC Program; examine the contribution of the Jay Jordan IFLA/OCLC Early Career Fellowship Program to strong library communities/partnerships; establish the challenges (if any) faced in sharing the knowledge and skills gained from the program with community where the fellows come from; and propose strategies to overcome the encountered challenges so that acquired knowledge and skills could be effectively shared to benefit the community where fellows come from. Methodology applied included: an online survey to all IFLA/OCLC Fellows (beneficiaries) since inception (2001). Findings were supplemented by reviewing OCLC website where the fellows testify about the program. Qualitative research approach was applied in the study. 2 Beneficiaries include: IFLA/OCLC Fellows, IFLA and OCLC Administrators and the information fraternity at large.Item The Challenges of repackaging Traditional Knowledge in the Context of Intellectual Property Rights: Case of Zimbabwe and Uganda(2009-10) Kaddu, Sarah; Chisita, CollenceThis paper is based on two case studies of Uganda and Zimbabwe. It gives a brief overview of Traditional Knowledge (TK) and defines the key concepts: TK/IK, Intellectual Property and repackaging of information. Through observation, face to face interviews and literature analysis, the paper discusses: Role of Higher Education Institutions in promoting TK, challenges of TK with special reference to challenges related to characteristics of TK, Challenges of protecting TK and Challenges of Repackaging TK. The paper further discusses women’s role in the preservation of TK and the reasons why traditional knowledge is lowly appreciated with recommendations towards repackaging traditional knowledge to spur development.Item Child Theology in an African Context: A Focus on Children With Disability(Child Theology movement, 2013-11) Banja, Olivia NassakaThis paper is focused on child theology in the African context with particular reference to children with a disability. It attempts to answer three major questions: What is the African perception of children with disability? What does the Bible say about disability? How can the church in Africa bring children with disability into the centre of her ministry? To answer these questions this paper discusses the African worldview on children with disability, the common types of child disability in Africa, the Bible and disability and concludes with a discussion on the approaches to child theology and disability in Africa.Item The Clergy Spouses’ Education and Ministry(Church of Uganda House of Bishops, 2018-08-21) Church of Uganda House of BishopsThis paper is intended to address ministry shortfalls among clergy spouses in the church ministry due to lack of adequate education and training to facilitate their full participation. In this presentation the term “spouse” will be used to refer to a female partner and the “church” to mean Church of Uganda.Item Collaboration in digitising Cultural Heritage as a strategy to sustain access and sharing of cultural heritage information in Uganda(2015-03) Kaddu, SarahUganda has little of its cultural heritage within its boundaries. This is partly because of lack of systematic preservation, conservation and restoration of the Uganda cultural heritage. Worse still many of the cultural artifacts were exported by colonial masters while others were destroyed by natural disasters including fire, war and malicious ignorant people. Consequently, collaborative efforts within the country and outside the country must be taken to re-possess or find means to make basic research on cultural heritage to reinvigorate it. This would need collaboration within Uganda and outside Uganda. Consequently, digitization of cultural heritage has taken popular turn in Uganda as elsewhere in the world as a means of conservation and preservation of cultural heritage for posterity. Through cooperation between World Digital Library (WDL) and the National Library of Uganda (NLU) remarkable digitization of Uganda Cultural heritage has taken place. The aim of this research was to identify viable collaboration within and outside Uganda on digitisation of Uganda’s cultural heritage. The objectives that guided this research were to: establish the objectives of World Digital Library (WDL U) in Uganda, identify the custodians and producers of Uganda’s cultural heritage, identify cultural heritage materials collected, identify collaborative partners to ensure digitisation of Uganda’s cultural heritage, establish NLU collaborative efforts available in Uganda and outside Uganda to ensure access to and digitisation of cultural heritage, to identify benefits of digitizing Uganda’s cultural heritage, and to examine the challenges in collaboration towards preserving Uganda’s cultural heritage. Methodology included: literature review on Uganda cultural heritage, study tours to custodial institutions of Uganda’s cultural heritage, interviews with staff at NLU and with individual custodians of Uganda’s cultural heritage, collaborative work with the World Digital Library. Beneficiaries will include both local and foreign, producers and consumers of Uganda cultural heritage, WDL and NLU partners/collaborators, students, researchers and posterity.Item Collateral Damage During Armed Conflict: Inevitable or a Rule of the Game?(2011) Busingye, GodardThis article discusses the concept of collateral damage. Under international humanitarian law, collateral damage is generally understood to mean the unintentional or incidental damage affecting facilities, equipment, or personnel, occurring as a result of military actions directed against targeted opposing military forces or facilities. The basic ethical value of principles of international humanitarian law is utilitarianism or ethical value of consequence. Utilitarianism defines the morally right action as that action that maximizes some non-moral good such as pleasure or happiness and minimizes some non-moral evil such as pain or misery, in situations of armed conflict, the destruction of the opposing forces or their property. Since armed conflicts cannot be stopped by law, the dilemma of legal scholars, politicians and the military remains how to minimize collateral damage once armed conflicts break out. A general conclusion drawn from the discussion is that collateral damage is an inevitable aspect of armed conflicts.Item Community Mobilization Through Facilitated Participatory Learning and Action Groups for Maternal and Newborn Health in Buikwe District(2018-02-23) Nabacwa, Ssonko; Mulawa, Zac; Bosa, Richard; Bulega, Milly; Nabuuma, Bernadette; Sentumbwe, OliveBackground This project tested the Participatory Learning Action (PLA) cycle in mobilizing the community for improved maternal and newborn health. The project, promoted by the World Health Organization highlighted the importance of health promotion interventions that strengthen individual, family, and community capacity to contribute to improved health while addressing the quality of care in facilities in Buikwe District. Community mobilization was realized through facilitated participatory learning and action (PLA) cycles with women’s groups in rural settings with low access to maternal health services. Community mobilization through facilitated PLA cycles work by building the capacities of communities to organize and take action to address the social determinants of health that underpin maternal and newborn health. Objective The study aimed at reviewing the feasibility of community mobilization through facilitated PLA cycles for improved maternal and newborn health in Buikwe district Methods The PLA cycle follows a four- phase approach that involves joint efforts in identifying problems, solutions, implementing and assessing program impact together. Ten women from two sub-counties in Buikwe received training in the implementation of the PLA cycle within their communities. These facilitators then led women’s groups in utilising the PLA cycle to identify and address maternal and newborn health challenges in their communities Results A total of 15 women groups were formed which utilised the four phase PLA cycle in identifying and addressing maternal and newborn health challenges in Buikwe district. They generated several local health solutions and brought about an increased demand for maternal and newborn health services. Conclusion The PLA guide is an empowerment and advocacy tool for improved maternal and newborn Health. However, the integrated nature of this approach necessitates an understanding of priorities set in mobilizing communities, the role played by local leadership and the resources needed for improved maternal and newborn health.Item Designing a Paved Road Using Geogrids to Reduce the Thickness of the Pavement Layers(9th South African Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference, 2017) Melling, H. C.; Tusabe, K. S.; Jjuuko, S.; Kalumba, D.Performance and durability of road pavements are significantly dependent on the strength and stability of the underlying soil layers, most especially the subgrade pavement layer. Currently, in Uganda most roads are constructed through low lying areas characterized by soft, hence weak, clay soils. The main practice, of improving the strength of such subgrade layers, has been to import stronger lateritic soils and dump them in layers over the weaker soils in thicknesses of more than 1.0 m. This is expensive, especially in terms of the haulage costs, and not environmentally friendly. Additionally, the lateritic soils are also getting depleted. Hence the need to utilize alternative means of increasing the strength of weak subgrades. This study focused on the application of Geogrids in pavement layers to reduce their overall thickness and life cycle costs of the road. A low-lying section on the Bajjo road, a bypass connecting Mukono to Seeta, was used as a case study. According to the AASHTO classification system of subgrade materials, the subgrade soils fell under the soil ranges of A-7, A-7-6, and A-6 group, therefore a poor subgrade material requiring stabilization. The average CBR was determined as 19%. The inclusion of the Geogrid reduced the overall layer works thickness by 25% and it’s cost effective by 42% over the whole lifecycle of the road.Item Development of Sustainable African Libraries as Centers of Literacy and Languages Development in Uganda and Ethiopia(The 3rdEast African Arts and Culture Festival 2017 Culture and the Creative Industry: The Engine for Unity and Employment Creation, 2017-09) Gulere, Cornelius Wambi; Zeleke, YalewThe joint action research sets out to deepen knowledge and understanding of key issues in libraries as centers of literacy and languages development in Uganda and Ethiopia. The School Library (SL) and Community Library (CL) approaches have been used for more than two decades in Ethiopia and a decade in Uganda. But, their effectiveness and impact has not been researched. The need is to document the experiences of UgCLA in Uganda and CODE Ethiopia; and to analyse the lessons learned for possible replication in the African practices. In Uganda, we found community libraries and, in some instances, rural private primary school libraries as some of the most effective models for instilling a love of reading in children and their families. Joined together under Uganda Community Library Association (UgCLA), some of these libraries have received the support of Friends of African Village libraries to carry out their activities. They operate in spaces donated by individuals, schools and communities. The books procured from the local market, donated and sometimes supplied by national library of Uganda in conjunction with Book AID International are mostly in English. Reading materials in local languages are very scarce both in homes and community. The few that exist are in schools and even these are inadequate as they are used only during class time. The children and parents have no opportunity to read with their children and so the children have limited time to practice reading their mother tongue on their own outside the classroom. UgCLA has helped libraries in Busoga Cluster to gather, write and create books on the African Storybooks project where 24 out of 120 stories have been published. This experience is to being replicated into 17 other languages that constitute 75 % of the languages used in Uganda. Similarly, CODE Ethiopia (CE), working with government and school libraries has achieved the same goal of literacy development in rural and semi-urban communities. Since 1994, CE has established 97 community libraries in 97 different districts of the country. CE has a practical model of establishing and transferring the ownership of the libraries to respective communities and government organizations. However, it keeps supporting them whenever there is material, financial and technical support. CE is working with CODE and IREX/Beyond Access in new literacy development activities using tablets in the ‘Hacking Literacy Approach’ to create community libraries, develop supplementary materials, distribute readers for free, train librarians, book developers and Library Management Committees and to acquire and distribute books obtained through donations and local purchase. CE also holds the Burt Award for African Young Adult Literature. The study is looking into ways of improving access to literacy materials to which the libraries have contributed but have no significant access. Mentoring of story writers and readers in content creation and establishing, strengthening and monitoring of reading clubs and literacy facilitators is on-going to hopefully impact positively on the availability and use of the literacy materials on the market. The study is documenting the stories of 12 selected libraries in Uganda and Ethiopia and the library activities put in place.Item The Effect of expanded polystyrene and cement on properties of sand soils for foundation use(17th African Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2019-10) Mugera, P.; Magyezi, S.; Jjuuko, S.; Kalumba, D.The increase in Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) waste in Uganda is prone to cause serious environmental pollution owing to the related poor disposal methods. The common practices include open disposal and/or burning which are both environmentally degrading. Other approaches of recycling EPS are unpopular and quite expensive. This research aimed to investigate the effect of EPS and cement on sand soil for a foundation material. The soil was a poorly graded sand. Preliminary tests were carried out to determine the grading, Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) and Maximum Dry Density (MDD) of the sand. Initial cement consumption test was done to determine a constant weight of cement required for just the binding effect on the materials. The unconfined compressive strength, shear box, permeability and consolidation tests were performed on the treated soil specimens at various percentages of EPS. The sand-EPS-cement composite showed an increase in unconfined compressive strength and shear strength with the maximum at 0.5% EPS. The permeability of the composite decreased while there was a minimal increase in settlement with increasing EPS content.