UCU Digital Institutional Repository(UCUDIR)

Welcome to the Uganda Christian University Digital Institutional Repositoy (UCUDIR). This is the University's official Institutional Repository. It aims to collect, preserve and showcase the intellectual output of staff and students of UCU. This growing collection of research includes peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, working papers, theses, and more.

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Evaluation of Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Lablab Purpureus Seed Meal on the Performance of Broilers
(Africa Journals Online, 2022) Isabirye Kuzegera, David; Higenyi, James; Balyejusa Kizito, Elizabeth; xGalukande, Esau Galukande
This study investigated the use of Lablab purpureus seed meal as protein ingredient replacing fish meal. One hundred eighty (180) broiler chicks were used in a complete randomized block design. Three treatments were used; A (fish meal, as control), B (30% fish replacement by roasted lablab with enzyme supplement) and C (45% fish replacement by roasted lablab with enzyme supplement). The parameters studied were; feed consumption, weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Results revealed significant (P<0.05) differences in feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio among the treatments. Throughout the study, chicks registered high feed intake on diet C and A while that in group B reported the least. Average weight gains were high for group C and A while group B registered the lowest. Feed conversion ration; lowest for group C and highest in group B. Therefore, a better performance of broilers is enhanced consumption by high intake of feed, high weight gains and low FCR, 45% dietary fish meal can be replaced by Lablab purpureus seed meal with enzyme supplement in a compounded broiler finisher.
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Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Cyanogenic Glucoside and Dry Matter Content in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Roots
(Wiley Online Lirary, 2007) Balyejusa Kizito, Elizabeth; Rönnberg-Wästljung, Ann-Christin; Egwang, Thomas; Gullberg, Urban; Fregene, Martin; Westerbergh, Anna
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a starchy root crop grown in the tropics mainly by small-scale farmers even though agro-industrial processing is rapidly increasing. For this processing market improved varieties with high dry matter root content (DMC) is required. Potentially toxic cyanogenic glucosides are synthesized in the leaves and translocated to the roots. Selection for varieties with low cyanogenic glucoside potential (CNP) and high DMC is among the principal objectives in cassava breeding programs. However, these traits are highly influenced by the environmental conditions and the genetic control of these traits is not well understood. An S1 population derived from a cross between two bred cassava varieties (MCOL 1684 and Rayong 1) that differ in CNP and DMC was used to study the heritability and genetic basis of these traits. A broad-sense heritability of 0.43 and 0.42 was found for CNP and DMC, respectively. The moderate heritabilities for DMC and CNP indicate that the phenotypic variation of these traits is explained by a genetic component. We found two quantitative trait loci (QTL) on two different linkage groups controlling CNP and six QTL on four different linkage groups controlling DMC. One QTL for CNP and one QTL for DMC mapped near each other, suggesting pleiotrophy and/or linkage of QTL. The two QTL for CNP showed additive effects while the six QTL for DMC showed additive effect, dominance or overdominance. This study is a first step towards developing molecular marker tools for efficient breeding of CNP and DMC in cassava.
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Dentification of Growth Stage-Specific Watering Thresholds for Drought Screening in Solanum aethiopicum Shum
(Natureresearch, 2020) Nakanwagi, Mildred Julian; Sseremba, Godfrey; Kabod Nahamya , Pamela; Masanza, Michael; Balyejusa Kizito, Elizabeth
Effective phenotyping for drought resistance is a pre-requisite for identification of modest crop varieties for farmers. For neglected and underutilized crops such as Solanum aethiopicum Shum group, no drought screening protocol based on rigorous iterations has been documented. A split-plot nested treatment structure was arranged in an experiment to identify growth stage-specific watering thresholds for this crop. Three plant growth stages (main plot; seedling, vegetative and flowering), watering regime at plant growth stage (2 regimes; well-watered and drought stressed) and day since last watering at plant growth stage were evaluated for soil moisture content (SMC), leaf wilting score (LWS), number of green leaves per plant (LPP) and leaf blade width (LBW). Highly significant differences (p < 0.001) were found at the different plant growth stages, watering regime (WR) within plant growth stage, and day within WR and plant growth stage. Under drought stress treatment, SMC declined exponentially at each stage. The earliest leaf wilting, reduction in LPP and LBW were generally observed at flowering followed by vegetative and slowest at the seedling stage. For future effective drought phenotyping studies in S. aethiopicum Shum and related crops, we recommend setting minimum drought stress treatments below 18% SMC at which the LWS is ≥2 at the vegetative.
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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Parasite Infection in Goats in Sironko District, Eastern Uganda
(Africa Journals Online, 2020) Namutosi, Winnie; Higenyi, James; Balyejusa Kizito, Elizabeth; Omodo, Micheal
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The Relationship Between Parental Mediation of Adolescent Media Use and Ugandan Adolescents' Sexual Attitudes and Behavior
(Routledge, 2017) Miller, Ann Neville; Gabolya, Charles; Mulwanya, Richard; Nabaseke, Grace; Kiva, Joseph; Nalugya, Evangeline; Lagot, Sarah; Chibita, Monica
In sub-Saharan Africa, research about the role of media as an influence on adolescent sexual behavior has focused almost exclusively on the effects of health communication campaigns. Little research has explored the association between parents' attempts to guide their children's entertainment media intake, and adolescents' sexual attitudes and behaviors. The authors surveyed 360 Ugandan high school students regarding their parents' mediation of their media use; their attitudes about stereotypical gender roles in sexual relationships and casual sex; and their sexual behaviors. Co-using media with opposite sex friends was associated with higher endorsement of casual sex. Adolescents who reported their parents limited the amount of time they spent with media were less likely to report having ever had sex. However, both effects were smaller than the effects of relationship and demographic variables.
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A Socio-History of the Media and Participation in Uganda
(Routledge, 2007) Chibita, Monica; Fourie, Peter, J.
This article is based on research done for a doctoral thesis titled Indigenous language programming and citizen participation in Ugandan broadcasting: An exploratory study (Chibita, 2006). The purpose of the thesis was to investigate and show the importance of first-language media for the participation of citizens in democratic processes. The thesis covered a wide range of topics including linguistic perspectives on language and participation, the history, structure and operation of the media in Uganda, the regulatory environment for linguistic diversity in Uganda's broadcast media, debates about indigenous language broadcasting in Uganda, and policy recommenda tions. In this article, the emphasis is on one of the topics dealt with in the thesis, namely key political, economic and cultural factors in Uganda's history and how these factors, including the right to the use of indigenous languages, have had an important impact on citizens' capacity to participate in public debate through the media (especially broadcasting). It is argued that the opportunities for Ugandans to participate in their governance through critiquing and making an input in government policy have been limited by a number of factors. These include bad colonial and postcolonial policies on the media and language, poverty, low levels of education, and lack of basic access to the means of participation. They have also been limited by governments which have proscribed freedom of expression and association by varying means and to different degrees since the early twentieth century.
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The Politics of Broadcasting, Language Policy and Democracy in Uganda
(Intellect Ltd, 2009) Chibita, Monica
This article examines the interweaving between socio-political history, broadcast policy and regulation, and political participation. Although the article primarily discusses the Ugandan situation, it draws conclusions that could be helpful in examining similar situations in Africa and in other parts of the world. The research was conducted in Uganda in three phases over three years (2003–2006) and additional research was conducted between 2007 and 2008.1 The first phase of the research constituted a socio-historical analysis of Uganda’s media and politics. The second phase focused on the language debate in Uganda and the final phase sought to interpret the Ugandan language debate in light of the findings from the socio-historical analysis. The article is conceived within a critical media studies framework and the methodology is inspired by J.B. Thompson’s (1990) depth hermeneutics. The study employed qualitative interviews and an analysis of media, communication and education policy documents and other archival sources to elicit information at various levels on indigenous language broadcasting policy in Uganda. Placing the debate on indigenous language policy in historical context made it possible to critically examine the relationship between language policy and political participation in Uganda. The article concludes that effective future policy and regulation must strike a balance between the priorities of government, media proprietors and audiences. It must also take cognizance of current commercial realities, while being sensitive to the socio-historical factors that determine attitudes towards the use of specific languages in the media.
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A Multi-national Validity Analysis of the Self Perceived Communication Competence Scale
(Routledge, 2020) Croucher, Stephen M.; Kelly, Stephanie; Rahmani, Diyako; Burkey, Mark; Subanaliev, Talgat; Galy-Badenas, Flora; Lando, Agnes Lucy; Chibita, Monica; Nyiranasbimana, Venantie; Turdubaeva, Elira; Eskiçorapçı, Nadirabegim; Jackson, Kelsea
The self-perceived communication competence (SPCC) measure has been used in over 50 published studies since 2000. McCroskey and McCroskey (1988. Self-report as an approach to measuring communication competence. Communication Research Reports, 5, 108–113. doi: 10.1080/08824098809359810) developed the measure to be used within the US college/university classroom. Despite its intended use, the measure is frequently used outside of the US and outside of the college/university setting without tests of measurement invariance. In fact, only four studies have performed tests of internal consistency on the measure since 2000, and each has found poor fit. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the utility of the measure outside of its intended population. The measure was utilized to survey respondents from 12 countries and failed to yield acceptable fit statistics in all samples, showing poor evidence of construct validity.
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Africa Communicating: Digital Technologies, Repersentation and Power
(Nokoko Institution of African Studies, 2013) Alzouma, Gado; Chibita, Monica; Tettety, Wisdom; Thompson, Allan
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A Multi-national Validity Analysis of the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24)
(Routledge, 2019) Croucher, Stephen M.; Kelly, Stephanie; Rahmani, Diyako; Jackson, Kelsea; Lando, Agnes; Galy-Badenas, Flora; Agnes, Lando; Chibita, Monica; Nyiranasbimana, Venantie; Turdubaeva, Elira; Eskiçorapçı, Nadirabegim; Condon, Shawn Michael; Stanalieva, Gulzada; Orunbekov, Bakyt
Methodological issues abound when conducting cross-cultural research. In this manuscript we discuss three methodological issues present in many cross-cultural communication studies: lack of geographic diversity, reliability, and validity. To explore these issues the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24) is assessed. The PRCA-24 serves as an exemplar of a US-designed and -validated measure frequently used outside the US without tests of validity or measurement invariance. In fact, since 1990 less than 10 studies have reported validity results, often citing fit issues. The PRCA-24 was administered to respondents from 11 countries and failed to yield acceptable fit statistics in all samples, showing poor construct validity. Implications for cross-cultural research are discussed, with particular emphasis on recommendations for increased cross-cultural methodological rigor.