Master of Business Administration

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11951/803

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Organizational Culture and the Adoption of Digital Records Management Systems in Private Universities in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-20) Rebecca Kemigisha
This study examined the influence of organizational culture on the adoption of digital records management systems in private universities in Kampala, Uganda. The specific objectives focused on assessing the impact of leadership styles, communication patterns, employee attitudes, and organizational norms on system adoption. A cross-sectional survey design was used, targeting administrative staff, IT personnel, and department heads from two private universities. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings indicated that leadership support, clear communication, positive employee attitudes, and a culture of compliance significantly influenced the successful adoption of digital records management systems. Resistance to change, inadequate training, and inconsistent leadership engagement were key challenges. The study concluded that fostering a supportive organizational culture enhances digital records adoption. It recommended leadership development, improved communication, continuous training, and a collaborative work environment to facilitate system integration.
Performance Appraisal and Employees Performance in Local Governments in Eastern Uganda, a Case of Kapchorwa District Local Government
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-15) Jolly Joe Ogwal
This study was carried out to assess the effect of performance appraisal on employees’ performance in organizations using a case study of Kapchorwa District Local Government. The objectives that guided the study were: to establish the effect of performance standards; to determine the effect of the performance measurement and to establish the effect of results dissemination on Employees’ Performance in KDLG. The study adopted a cross sectional design, which involved the collection of real time data from Kapchorwa District Local Government staff, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study covered a population of 120 respondents comprising of Employees, Staff at senior management, and Heads of department and Staff at Middle management and a sample size of 92 respondents of which 71 participated in the study. Purposive sampling technique and Simple random sampling technique was used to select employees in various departments. Findings revealed that there is a moderately strong and statistically significant positive correlation (r=0.968) between Performance standards and Employees Performance, that there is also a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation (r= 0.975) between Performance measurement and Employees’ Performance and a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation (r= 0.916) between Result dissemination and employee performance. The study recommended that for Kapchorwa District Local Government in order to achieve high levels of Employees’ Performance, performance standards should be clear, stated well to meet expectations and deliverables of each employee. The performance standards should be specific to employee roles and responsibilities as stated from their job descriptions as the staff demanding away from having generic tasks to role specific tasks.
EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE CASE OF HOFOKAM MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION HOIMA BRANCH
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-30) NAKINTU JUDITH
This research examines the influence of Management Information Systems (MIS) on employee performance at Hofokam Microfinance Ltd, Hoima Branch, highlighting the role of MIS in enhancing organizational efficiency and productivity. A mixed-methods approach was utilized, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. A survey was distributed among employees to assess their interaction with MIS and its perceived effects on their tasks. In-depth interviews with management explored the strategic role of MIS in decision-making and organizational management. The study found that MIS positively influences employee performance by improving task completion speed and accuracy through real-time data access. Employees reported enhanced data management, reduced errors, and improved customer interactions. Adequate training and a user-friendly interface were critical for maximizing MIS benefits, as trained employees navigated the system more effectively.This research underscores the significant role of MIS in microfinance institutions, recommending ongoing investment in MIS infrastructure, regular staff training, and system updates to optimize employee performance and enhance organizational success. The findings contribute to understanding how MIS can support operational efficiency and decision-making in the microfinance sector.
REFUGEE ECONOMIC POLICY FRAME WORK AND THEIR LIVELIHOOD IN UGANDA. A CASE STUDY OF REFUGEES IN ARUA CITY.
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-29) AJULE APOLLO
This study examined the refugee economic policy framework on livelihood of refugees in Uganda with special interest on refugees in Arua city. The study was guided by three objectives: to examine the access to employment on the livelihood of refuges in Arua city; examine the access to land on livelihood of refugees in Arua city and asses access to financing on livelihood of refugees in Arua city. A cross sectional research design was used. The study applied both quantitative and qualitative approaches in the collection of data. The study considered a population of 700 with a sample size of 248 obtained using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table. The study used questionnaire survey and interviews for collecting data. The findings of the study revealed that; access to employment had a positive significant influence on livelihood of refugees (r=0.378; p=0.000); access to land had a positive significant influence on livelihood of refugees (r=0.668; p=0.000); and access to financing has a positive significant influence on livelihood of refugees (r=0.486; p=0.000). The study recommends that; Arua city authorities should tighten measures that safe guard employees especially refugees from segregation. Policies should be adopted to protect employees who are refugees. Also, the city authorities should create opportunities of employment in both formal and informal sector and these opportunities should be available to both refugees and the host community; land to refugees should be made available to enable refugees to engage in agricultural activities for their food. Also, those purchasing land should be aided by either the government or the humanitarian agencies to enable enough productive land for their business. Besides purchasing land, the government should also consider leasing or granting them free land for their business establishment since their stay may not be permanent in the area; and access to administrative services should be enhanced and simplified to avoid bureaucratic tendencies that delay business establishment processes. Also, the city Authorities should encourage refugees to form business clubs among themselves like village savings and loan associations.
INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS AND ACADEMIC QUALITY ASSURANCE IN PRIVATE HIGHER INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING: A CASE OF EPISCOPAL UNIVERSITY- SOUTH SUDAN
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-10-14) ALUR VICKY
This study examined the effect of internal control systems on quality assurance in higher education, with a particular focus on Episcopal University in South Sudan. This research focused on the Control Environment, Information Management, and Monitoring components of Quality Assurance because it recognized the significance of internal controls on quality in higher education. A cross-sectional research design was employed, utilizing a quantitative approach that consisted of structured questionnaires administered to university employees. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 27, and correlation (r) as well as regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between the study variables. The results showed that Monitoring had a stronger positive correlation with Quality Assurance (r = 0.838, p < 0.01) and was also the most significant predictor in the regression model (β = 0.659, p < 0.001). This shows that regular supervision, structured feedback mechanisms, and performance evaluations enhance quality assurance outcomes. Likewise, Information Management showed a strong positive correlation with Quality Assurance (r = 0.745, p < 0.01) and a major effect in regression analysis (β = 0.365, p < 0.001), underscoring the role of efficient data management and communication systems in maintaining academic standards. However, Control Environment exhibited a weak but significant negative correlation with Quality Assurance (r = -0.157, p = 0.019), signifying that exceedingly rigid internal controls may hinder institutional adaptability and innovation. Ultimately, the study revealed that effective monitoring and information management systems helped institutions of higher learning to excel in quality assurance. Universities ought to consider structured assessments in the evaluation process, invest in digital information systems, and maintain internal controls alongside institutional adaptability. Furthermore, accountability must be prioritized in policy making and implementation while ensuring flexible decision making. There is need for a further investigation on the long-term effects of internal controls on institutional performance and academic quality.
The Effect of Workplace Diversity on Employee Resilience: A Case Study of TMR International Hospital
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-23) Catherine Kyampiire
This study examined the effect of workplace diversity on employee resilience at TMR International Hospital in Uganda. Recognizing the growing importance of diversity in building a resilient workforce, this research explored how department diversity, diversity management practices, and workplace culture contribute to employee resilience. A cross-sectional research design was employed, utilizing a quantitative approach through structured questionnaires administered to employees. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 25, incorporating correlation and regression analyses to assess the relationships between the study variables. The findings reveal that most socio-demographic factors—including gender, age, education level, region of origin, and tenure—do not significantly impact employee resilience (p > 0.05). However, department diversity emerged as a significant predictor (b = .082, p < .05), suggesting that employees working in diverse departmental settings tend to develop greater adaptability and problem-solving skills. Diversity management practices initially demonstrated a strong positive effect on resilience (b = .681, p < .001), but when workplace culture was introduced in the regression model, its significance diminished (b = .309, p > .05). This suggests that the effectiveness of diversity practices in fostering resilience is largely dependent on a supportive workplace culture. Workplace culture emerged as the strongest predictor of employee resilience (b = .442, p < .01 When all the predictors were included into the regression model, the study concludes that a strong, inclusive workplace culture is essential for translating diversity management efforts into employee resilience. Organizations should prioritize recognition programs, fair advancement opportunities, and diversity-supportive policies to foster resilience. The findings also suggest that diverse recruitment efforts alone do not enhance resilience unless they are accompanied by inclusive onboarding and integration strategies. Further research is recommended to explore the underlying factors affecting the interaction between diversity initiatives and resilience in healthcare setting.
Credit Management and Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Kamuli a Case Study of Pride Microfinance Kamuli Branch
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-25) Molly Longok
The study examined the effect of credit management on financial performance of microfinance institutions in Kamuli a case study of pride microfinance Kamuli branch. The study had three objectives; to examine the effect of credit terms on financial performance of Pride Micro finance, Kamuli Branch, to analyze the effect of credit assessment on financial performance of Pride Micro finance, Kamuli Branch, to investigate the effects of credit control and financial performance of Pride Micro Finance, Kamuli Branch. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey and employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches to research. The study targeted a population of 141 and a sample of 103 respondents was selected using Yamane sample size formula. Both interview guides and survey questionnaires were used to collect data and analysis involved mixed approaches. Findings revealed the existence of a positive and significant effect between credit terms and financial performance (r=0.441; P=.000), a positive and significant effect between credit assessment and financial performance (r=0.587; p=.000) and a positive and significant effect between tax clinics and income tax compliance (r=0.699; p=0.000). The regression coefficient results revealed that credit control was the most significant predictor of financial performance (ß=.524; Sig=.000) implying that credit management in Pride Microfinance in Kamuli district largely depends on good credit control policy, credit limit policies, good enforcement of credit policies and the like. The study concluded that all three independent variables are positive determinants of income tax compliance. The study recommended that the leadership of Pride Microfinance in Kamuli district should apply strengthen its credit management polices embracing credit terms, credit assessment and credit control as a way for promoting good financial performance and increasing business sustainability of Pride Microfinance in Kamuli district and beyond.
THE EFFECT OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL METHODS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE, A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL WATER AND SEWERAGE CORPORATION IN THE TESO SUB-REGION.
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-22) ALUPO SYLIVIA
This study examined the effects of performance appraisal methods on employee performance at NWSC in the Teso sub-region. The objectives of the study were to examine the impact of 360-degree appraisal method on employee performance at NWSC in the Teso sub-region, the impact of management by objectives appraisal method on employee performance at NWSC in the Teso sub-region, and the effect of Behavioral Anchored Rating Scale appraisal method on employee performance at NWSC in the Teso sub-region. The study employed a mixed-methods design, combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Structured questionnaires were administered to collect quantitative data, and interview guides were used to gather qualitative data. A sample of 98 respondents was obtained from the targeted population of 130 respondents using Krejcie and Morgan table of population sample determination. This sample population was selected using random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and descriptive statistics were generated. Based on the findings, the results revealed a positive and significant impact of the 360-degree appraisal method on employee performance (b = 0.206, p = 0.001, Partial R² = 0.11). Furthermore, the MBO appraisal method had a positive and significant impact on employee performance (b = 0.441, p < 0.000, Partial R² = 0.37). Lastly, the BARS appraisal method had a positive and significant impact on employee performance (b = 0.549, p = 0.001, Partial R² = 0.10). The descriptive and qualitative results indicated a positive and significant impact of these performance appraisal methods on employee performance. The study recommended that further research be conducted on the effects of performance appraisal on employee performance in other contexts, beyond NWSC and regions beyond the Teso sub-region.
Strategic Management Practices and Organizational Financial Performance: A Case Study of Posta Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-25) Juliet Grace Atim
The study focused on strategic management practices and their effect on financial performance of Posta Uganda covering a period of four years from 2020 through 2023. It was guided by (i) to determine the influence of strategy formulation on the financial performance of Posta Uganda; (ii) to examine the influence of strategy implementation on the financial performance of Posta Uganda, and, (iii) to investigate the influence of strategy evaluation on the financial performance of Posta Uganda. The researcher applied a cross-sectional design adopting both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study involved 114 participants. The researcher used both simple random sampling and purposive sampling to select the respondents and key informants. The researcher used the interview guide, questionnaire, and document review checklist. Overall, strategic management practices (strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation) had a positive and significant influence on the financial performance of Posta Uganda with R Square scores—.329, .304, and .295 respectively which were significant at P-v<0.05=0.000. Also, it was revealed that strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation contributed 32.9%, 30.4%, and 29.5 variation in the change experienced in the financial performance of Posta Uganda. Therefore, the study concludes that Posta Uganda's financial performance is greatly improved by strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation. It was recommended that Posta Uganda should regularly match departmental goals with its overarching corporate strategy by holding quarterly reviews, monitoring progress, and closing performance gaps. Posta Uganda should create cross-functional task teams and hold frequent feedback sessions to aggressively encourage staff involvement and cooperation in plan execution. Furthermore, Posta Uganda should precisely identify its objectives and make sure they are conveyed throughout the company in order to foster strategic clarity and unity.
Exploring the Impact of Stakeholder Engagement and Digital Strategies on Reputation Management: A Qualitative Case Study of Rhubusana’s Department of Education, South Africa
(2025-10-09) Dianah Nanjeho
Reputation management shapes public confidence in any system or organisation, the department of education included. However, the relationship between reputation management practices and digital strategies is one worth exploring especially in the context of resource constrained public sector departments. This qualitative case study has evaluated how stakeholder engagement and digital strategies influence reputation management at the department of education in Rhubusana, Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Data is collected from semi-structured interviews with Policy implementers, educators, parents and community members as well as from document and report reviews. Thematic analysis revealed three drivers of reputation. First, regular, candid consultations improved perceptions only when officials closed feedback loops with visible action. Second, digital channels—websites, email lists and social media—boosted reach and crisis responsiveness, but inconsistent updates and poor usability eroded trust. Third, transparent resource and accountability processes underpinned credibility; opaque decisions invited negative speculation. These patterns affirm Social Exchange, Contingency and Institutional theories: reciprocity fosters goodwill, adaptable communication restores stability, and visible accountability legitimises authority. The study recommends dedicated follow-up personnel, a formal crisis communication protocol, plain-language budget summaries, publicly reported performance indicators and a hybrid mix of digital and traditional contact points. While limited to one district, the findings offer a practical framework for public education departments seeking to strengthen reputation through purposeful engagement and coherent digital strategy.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN HOTELS ; A CASE OF STUDY COURTYARD HOTEL BY MARRIOTT KUWAIT CITY.
(2025-10-07) Nandigobe Denis
This study investigated the relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance at Courtyard by Marriott Kuwait City, focusing on the leadership dimensions of idealized influence, inspired motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Using a cross-sectional, descriptive case study design, a sample of 133 participants was determined through Krejcie and Morgan's (1970) table, achieving a 97.3% response rate. Data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, with thematic analysis conducted via NVivo and statistical analysis performed using Pearson correlation and regression techniques. The objectives were to establish the relationship between Idealized Influence, Inspired Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, and Individualized Consideration and Employee Performance in the hotel industry.
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE COMMERCIAL BANKS IN MALI
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-10-03) SIDIBE Fatoumata
This study examines the impact of credit risk management (CRM) practices specifically risk identification, risk assessment, and risk control on the financial performance of commercial banks in Mali. Anchored in Asymmetric Information Theory and Agency Theory, the research investigates how these practices influence core financial indicators: Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Non-Performing Loan (NPL) ratios. A mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was employed: quantitative data were collected via structured questionnaires from 111 banking professionals across 11 major commercial banks including ECOBANK, BAM, BMS, and BNDA followed by in-depth qualitative interviews with credit officers and branch managers to contextualize and explain statistical patterns. The study addressed three objectives: (i) to examine the effect of credit risk identification practices on financial performance, (ii) to assess the influence of credit risk assessment procedures, and (iii) to evaluate the impact of credit risk control strategies. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that while risk identification and risk control are positively correlated (r = 0.279), risk assessment showed weak and negative associations with both. Crucially, regression analysis confirmed that the three CRM practices combined explain 76.4% of the variance in financial performance (R² = 0.764, F = 115.695, p < 0.001). Risk control emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by risk identification both statistically significant. Risk assessment, however, exerted a negligible and statistically insignificant effect when isolated, suggesting that procedural rigor in evaluation does not automatically translate into financial gains without effective implementation and oversight. Qualitative insights corroborate these findings. While Malian banks have institutionalized borrower profiling, sectoral risk screening, and early warning systems, their effectiveness is undermined by fragmented data, inconsistent scoring models, and limited staff capacity. Risk control mechanisms such as loan restructuring, covenant monitoring, and dynamic provisioning show promise but remain constrained by slow legal enforcement, manual tracking systems, and poor interdepartmental coordination. In light of these findings, the study recommends: (1) investing in digital credit infrastructure to improve data reliability and enable real-time risk triggers; (2) standardizing and simplifying risk assessment models to enhance consistency and reduce agent discretion; and (3) prioritizing staff training and legal reform to strengthen execution of control mechanisms. These interventions are not merely operational they are financial imperatives.
TAXPAYERS' PERCEPTION OF TAX ADMINISTRATION PRACTICES AND REVENUE PERFORMANCE IN SOUTH SUDAN: A CASE OF MUNIKI PAYAM - JUBA CITY, SOUTH SUDAN
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-30) Bako, Awad Steward Omer
This research investigated the critical influence of taxpayers' perceptions of tax administration practices on domestic revenue performance in South Sudan, addressing the national challenge of a severely low non-oil tax-to-GDP ratio. The primary purpose of the study was to assess how taxpayer attitudes toward three specific administrative practices taxpayer registration, the tax payment system, and taxpayer education affected compliance and, consequently, revenue generation in Muniki Payam, Juba City. A mixed-methods research approach was employed, combining a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 398 taxpayers to assess their attitudes with qualitative data gathered from interviews with 15 participants to explore the underlying drives for these perceptions. The findings established that taxpayer perceptions significantly influenced revenue performance, with strong positive correlations found between the efficiency of taxpayer registration (r=0.505, p=0.000) and the effectiveness of the tax payment system (r=0.396, p=0.000), and revenue outcomes. However, the study also revealed that South Sudanese taxpayers largely viewed the existing administration as cumbersome, ineffective, and unfair, pointing to systemic weaknesses such as unclear requirements, a lack of guidance, inadequate technology, and procedural delays as contributors to low compliance and tax evasion. Furthermore, a persistent distrust in the government's transparency and fairness in administering taxes was found to intensify noncompliance issues. In conclusion, the study highlighted the urgent need for comprehensive reforms, recommending that streamlining tax procedures, enhancing transparency, improving taxpayer services, and intentionally building public confidence are vital measures to transform the negative taxpayer experience, improve compliance, and ultimately secure better long-term domestic revenue collection in South Sudan.
INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS ON OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: A CASE OF MOTOR CARE UGANDA LIMITED (NISSAN)
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-24) KABAHWEZA GRACE
Internal control systems play an essential role in enhancing operational effectiveness, protecting against fraud, and fostering accountability in organizations. While most studies in Uganda and Africa have focused on financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, and government agencies, limited attention has been given to the automotive industry, despite the prevalence of inefficiencies and fraudulent practices in the sector. This study therefore examined the effect of internal control systems on operational performance in the automotive industry, using Motor Care Uganda Limited (Nissan) as a case study. Specifically, the study analyzed the effect of the control environment, control activities, and risk assessment on operational performance. A descriptive research design was adopted, employing both correlation and regression analysis to determine the relationships between the variables. Data was collected from 52 employees across different departments, including purposively selected key informants such as the deputy managing director, departmental heads, an internal auditor, and an accountant. The results revealed strong correlations among the components of internal control systems and operational performance, with risk assessment, control environment, and control activities all significantly related to performance indicators such as service quality, inventory management, cost reduction, financial accountability, and customer satisfaction. Regression analysis further showed that control activities and the control environment significantly and positively influenced operational performance, while risk assessment, although positively correlated, had a weaker predictive effect. The study concludes that internal control systems are a significant driver of operational performance in the automotive industry. It highlights the importance of maintaining robust control activities and a strong control environment, alongside proactive risk assessment practices, to enhance efficiency and accountability in operations.
FINANCIAL REPORTING TRANSPARENCY AND SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT DECISIONS IN MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN UGANDA-A CASE STUDY OF QUALITY CHEMICALS INDUTRIES LIMITED
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-24) MAYANJA SAMUEL MUBIRU
This research examined the impact of the transparency of financial reporting on shareholder investment decisions within Uganda’s manufacturing industries, using Quality Chemical Industries Limited (QCIL) as the study focus. Utilizing a descriptive and correlational study design, incorporating a quantitative method, the study looks into the effect of the accuracy, timeliness, and completeness of financial disclosure on shareholder actions. Data was obtained from 189 respondents, comprised of 137 potential shareholders, 26 financial analysts, 6 investment managers and 20 other participants. The total sample population was 405 respondents. The total sample size was 242 respondents. Pearson correlation and regression tests indicate that the accuracy and completeness of financial disclosure significantly ensure shareholder investment choices, as indicated by positive association measures that show their effectiveness in minimizing asymmetries of information and boosting investor confidence. Worthwhile, timeliness of reporting is insignificant, thereby revealing that quality outruns speed for most shareholders. These results present an insightful picture of the essentiality of proper and extensive financial reporting for building confidence and making informed choices within Uganda’s manufacturing industries. It is recommended that manufacturing companies such as QCIL intend to define robust internal auditing processes, apply international reporting standards, and enhance disclosures for non-financial measures such as ESG factors. Moreover, an enhanced body of corporate governance, as well as investor enlightenment, can help reporting processes converge toward shareholder expectations. Future scholars can examine limited effects of reporting promptness and cross-comparison of transparency processes between various African countries to expand the body of knowledge on investor preferences within emerging nations.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANISATIONS A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL WATER AND SEWERAGE CORPORATION -NAKASERO BRANCH
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-08-27) OKOCHE ISAIAH
This study investigated the influence of strategic management practices on the performance of the National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC) - Nakasero Branch, aiming to enhance organizational outcomes in Uganda’s public utility sector. The objectives were to examine the impact of strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation on performance. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, collecting quantitative data from 86 staff members using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, analyzed via SPSS v23 for means, standard deviations, and Pearson correlations. Findings revealed a strong positive correlation between strategic management practices and performance (r = .694, p < .01). Strategy formulation showed a moderate correlation with performance (r = .507, p < .01), with 88.75% agreeing on succinct processes (mean = 3.61, SD = 1.037), indicating effective planning but moderate goal realism (mean = 3.04). Strategy implementation exhibited a strong correlation (r = .582, p < .01), with 73.75% supporting role allocation (mean = 3.38, SD = 1.049), though financial resources were moderate (mean = 3.04). Strategy evaluation had the strongest correlation (r = .646, p < .01), with 71.25% endorsing comprehensive annual evaluations (mean = 3.41, SD = 0.926), but formative evaluations were moderate (mean = 2.61). Performance metrics showed strengths in geographical coverage (mean = 3.31) but weaknesses in service reliability (mean = 2.05). Recommendations include allocating resources for advanced planning tools, enhancing financial and human resource support for implementation, and improving formative evaluations through stakeholder engagement platforms to address moderate performance areas like billing accuracy (mean = 2.61) and non-revenue water (mean = 2.73), aligning with Uganda’s NDP III goals (African Development Bank, 2022).
LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANISATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AMONG ANGLICAN-BASED PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN UGANDA
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-10-06) Nabwire Mercy
This study investigated the impact of directive, supportive, and participative leadership styles on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of lecturers in two Anglican-founded private universities in Uganda: Uganda Christian University and Ndejje University. The study also investigated organizational commitment to mediate. The data were collected using a mixed-methods approach, i.e., convergent parallel design, from 430 lecturers with structured questionnaires and from 14 department leaders with in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were calculated using SPSS, while qualitative answers were coded from content analysis and reported verbatim. Results revealed that directive leadership, as defined in terms of intensive control and close monitoring as how it is measured, had a weak but negative influence on OCB (r = -0.090, p = 0.046), which supports the argument that micromanagement discourages organizationally beneficial discretionary behavior. Supportive leadership, where employee care and guidance were focused upon, was the strongest positive predictor of OCB (r = 0.350, p = 0.000), reflecting how endorsement and support create employees who go that extra mile beyond the call of duty. Participative leadership, in which the workers are consulted in making decisions, positively but less strongly affected (r = 0.170, p = 0.001). Humanitarianism/egalitarianism did not predict OCB. Regression analysis confirmed supportive leadership as the best predictor of OCB (Beta = 0.350, p < 0.001), followed by participative leadership (Beta = 0.170, p < 0.001). Organizational commitment also positively and significantly contributed to the facilitation of OCB (Beta = 0.070, p = 0.028) and the enhancement of the positive effects of supportive and participative leadership. Commitment did not, however, reverse the negative impact of directive leadership (p = 0.183). In conclusion, the studies verify participative and supportive leadership to result in OCB induction, and directive leadership to be counter-productive.
NON-MONETARY REWARD AND EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT,A CASE STUDY OF SERERE DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT.
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-10-03) MUGABI JOSEPH
The study was conducted to analyze the relationship between non-monetary reward and employee performance in Serere District local government.The study was based on the following three specific objectives namely (1) to establish the relationship between appreciation and employee performance in Serere District local government,(11) to find out the relationship between opportunities for professional development and employee performance in Serere District local government,(111) to determine the relationship between flexible work schedule and employee performance in Serere District local government.The target population of the study consist of ninety three respondents (93) heads of departments and sector heads of Serere District local government from whom seventy two (72) respondents were selected ,the target population spread in the departments of finance education, planning, Administration,health ,production.Data collection instruments includes questionnaire and interview guide.
INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS: THE MODERATING ROLE OF SELF EFFICACY AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY.
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-27) Ahimbisibwe Caleb
Many students in Uganda do not embrace entrepreneurship upon graduation. This study went out to investigate the extent to which this problem is explained by the relationship between students’ entrepreneurial orientation (EO) specifically risk-taking, innovativeness and proactiveness and how these three dimensions affect their entrepreneurial intentions (EI). The study also investigated the extent to which self-efficacy or Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) moderates the relationship between EO and EI, in an attempt to throw more light on the above problem. This study was mainly based on the Theory of Planned Behavior using a cross-sectional research design and a convenience sample of undergraduates from Uganda Christian University (N= 200). Data analysis was done by regression and moderation analysis. The findings showed that although the relationship between EO and EI is positive in all cases, it is very low. Furthermore, PBC only significantly and positively moderates the relationship between risk-taking and EI, but not innovativeness and proactiveness. These finding mean that the low uptake of entrepreneurship upon graduation can be explained by their low level of entrepreneurial orientation and self efficacy. These findings re-enforce the fact that the students are not very entrepreneurial. This research suggests that there is need to boost the EO of these students before they finalize their studies and leave the university. Such a strategy will possibly make them consider entrepreneurship as a viable career path upon graduation.
Performance Appraisal and Employees Performance in Local Governments in Eastern Uganda, a Case of Kapchorwa District Local Government
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-26) Jolly Joe Ogwal
This study was carried out to assess the effect of performance appraisal on employees’ performance in organizations using a case study of Kapchorwa District Local Government. The objectives that guided the study were: to establish the effect of performance standards; to determine the effect of the performance measurement and to establish the effect of results dissemination on Employees’ Performance in KDLG. The study adopted a cross sectional design, which involved the collection of real time data from Kapchorwa District Local Government staff, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study covered a population of 120 respondents comprising of Employees, Staff at senior management, and Heads of department and Staff at Middle management and a sample size of 92 respondents of which 71 participated in the study. Purposive sampling technique and Simple random sampling technique was used to select employees in various departments. Findings revealed that there is a moderately strong and statistically significant positive correlation (r=0.968) between Performance standards and Employees Performance, that there is also a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation (r= 0.975) between Performance measurement and Employees’ Performance and a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation (r= 0.916) between Result dissemination and employee performance. The study recommended that for Kapchorwa District Local Government in order to achieve high levels of Employees’ Performance, performance standards should be clear, stated well to meet expectations and deliverables of each employee. The performance standards should be specific to employee roles and responsibilities as stated from their job descriptions as the staff demanding away from having generic tasks to role specific tasks.

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