Masters in Public Health and Leadership (Save the Mothers)

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    Forms and Determinants of Domestic Violence: Acase of Pregnant Women in Mukono Municipality-Uganda
    (Uganda Christian University, 2015-10-26) Richard Mulindwa
    Background: Domestic violence against women is a common occurrence all over the world. It cuts across age, ethnicity, religion and educational barriers (Brown ridge, 2009) Domestic violence can take various forms: it can be physical, psychological or sexual. Domestic violence during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, bleeding during pregnancy, preterm Labor, preterm delivery and higher neonatal death (WHO/UNAID, 2010) In a study done in Rakai district of Uganda, 30% of the women had experienced physical threats or physical abuse from their current partners but there is no information about DV particularly in pregnancy, a vulnerable stage in woman’s life. Objective of the study: This study is intended to determine forms and associated factors of domestic violence among pregnant women in Mukono municipality Methods: This study was among the pregnant women. Across sectional study employing a mixed method research design. It utilized both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. Qualitative research methods were utilized mainly because of the need for an in-depth understanding of social phenomenon using flexible methods such as interview, Semi-structured and open ended questions while quantitative method was applied to explain the qualitative data
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    Level and Factors Associated with Birth Preparedness and Emergency Planning among Prenatal Women of Bugiri Hospital
    (Uganda Christian University, 2024-05-31) Beatrice Namumbya
    Introduction; Birth preparedness refers to the readiness of pregnant women to give birth safely. It involves a series of actions and plans to ensure both the mother and baby receive proper care and support before and during childbirth. This study therefore sought to determine the level and factors of birth preparedness and emergency planning in the pre-natal women of Bugiri Hospital. Specifically, the study intended to find out the socio-demographic, obstetrics, and gynecology factors and intervening factors that affect the level of birth preparedness. Methods; The study employed a purely quantitative study design to collect primary data from the 288 selected respondents targeting prenatal women in Bugiri Hospital. Analysis was done at three distinct levels using SPSS software. These included univariate (frequencies and percentages), bivariate (chi-square tests), and multivariate (binary logistic regression). Significant factors were identified through chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis. Results; A significant association was observed between education level and birth preparedness (Odds Ratio = 2.597, p = 0.004). Higher education increased the likelihood of optimal birth preparedness among participants. Women with a history of stillbirths exhibited a substantial association with childbirth preparedness (Odds Ratio = 4.771, p = 0.039). The experience of stillbirth heightened the sense of need for preparedness to prevent future complications. Male partner involvement demonstrated a robust association with birth preparedness (Odds Ratio = 1.904, p = 0.004). Active engagement of male partners was transformative, positively influencing overall childbirth experiences. Conclusion; The study concluded that birth preparedness is not solely the responsibility of pregnant women but also the healthcare system, healthcare providers, and the community. It was recommended that the inclusion of childbirth plans in ANC packages is vital alongside other interventions like educational programs, community outreach, and improved access to antenatal care services.
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    Risk of Bacterial Contamination of improved point water sources in Lira District
    (Uganda Christian University, 2024-05-23) Edwin Okabo
    Introduction: Risk of Bacterial contamination of improved point water sources is major health risk in Lira District accounting for 60% of diarrheal diseases. In human being, diarrhea has been known to be caused by drinking of contaminated water. Lira District is reported at 95% safe water coverage while diarrheal diseases have remained high at 60%. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted utilizing quantitative method of data collection from total coliforms water quality test results of water samples collected in Lira District. The data was analyzed using STATA version 15. The data was analyzed using logistic regression to obtain the odd ratio. Results: The study indicated that 67% of the water sources tested were contaminated with Total coliforms. Deep Wells registered less contaminated water sources at 44%, while protected spring was highly contaminated at 89% followed by Shallow Wells at 72% and Rainwater harvesting tanks at 61%. Discussion: The results indicated few deep Wells and Rainwater Harvesting Tank was contaminated. The majority of the sampled Shallow Well and protected springs water sources were contaminated. Statistical Analysis showed that the safety of improved point water sources depended on the Water source type or technology, its operation and maintenance and its location in terms of proximity to the contamination source. The study concluded that the total coliforms count in water samples from different sources were associated with water source protection status and sanitation and hygiene practices. It therefore recommends for improved water source protection, and promotion of good sanitation, and hygiene practices.
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    Knowledge and Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Nursing Mothers at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital(MRRH).
    (Uganda Christian University, 2024-05-22) Muthoni Ruth Mwangi
    Introduction: Exclusive breast-feeding contributes significantly to child survival and development, but many mothers in Africa do not exclusively breastfeed their infants. The study aims to identify the knowledge and determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding among the nursing mothers in Mbale regional and Referral Hospital. Methods: A mixed methods approach was used to collect Data. Respondents included 385 Nursing mothers and 5 health practitioners. Participants were nursing mothers who attended Young Child Clinic and they were selected using simple random sampling. SPSS was used to analyze the data; chi-square test was performed to check for association between factors and outcome variables before performing logistic regression. Bivariate & Multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify factors independently associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Strength of association was measured using odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval. Results: The study gathered that the prevalence rate of EBF in Mbale Regional referral Hospital was low at 45 percent attributed to the knowledge encompassed by the mothers that accessed ANC, PNC services. The study established that majority (85.5 %) of the mothers had information about EBF and there was a significant relationship between maternal socio-demographic factors and EBF in which Beta value (Beta = 0.27, p < 0.001); and obstetric factors (Beta = 0.438, p < 0.001) and child related factors (Beta = 7.3, p < 0.001). Majority of the mothers received EBF information from ANC and PNC sessions (54.5), medical staff (26.5) friends and family (15.3) and lastly social media (3.6) although the practice was still wanting. Conclusions: This research paper has navigated the intricacies of sustainable areas to focus on to ensure Exclusively breastfeeding, shedding the pivotal role of health workers both offering Information, Education and support system as well as care and treatment of women pre and post Natal Period. Recommendations: Strengthening efforts in providing comprehensive ANC and PNC packages, to ensure that mothers get to benefit from the health education sessions offered as well as better obstetric care pre and post Natal ensuring wellness enough to breastfeed. Relentless advocating for baby friendly spaces and facilities to enable working mothers leverage on opportunities to breastfeed at work during healthy breaks.
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    Experiences of Attending Maternal Health Education Sessions Among Women From the Islands of Lake Kivu, Rusizi District, Rwanda; a Qualitative Research
    (2024-04-12) Adriana Jacoba Lena Bergman
    Background The maternal mortality ratio in Rwanda remains high at 245 (2017) deaths per 100,000 live births (WHO, 2019). Besides improving maternal health, women’s positive experiences during ANC and childbirth can create the foundation for healthy motherhood (WHO, 2016). Maternal health education is an useful intervention to promote health care, birth preparedness and reduce the maternal mortality rate. The purpose of this study is to identify the gaps and contribute to improving maternal health education to improve maternal health and positive experiences of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and post-natal period. Research Methodology Qualitative phenomenological research has been conducted to investigate the experiences of maternal health education sessions among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from the islands of Gihaya, Nkombo, and Ishywa, Rusizi-district, Rwanda. Primary data has been collected through face-to-face verbal semi-structured interviews. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim in English. The data was analyzed by open coding, axial coding, and selected coding. Results and findings The experiences are multidimensional and interlinked. From the data analysis, three main themes came up, which have been used to identify the women's experiences. The first theme is: 1. My life has improved. This theme shows the personal change and narratives of the participants. The second theme: 2. happiness and joy, whereby the participants describe their feelings. The third theme: 3. expectations, needs, and improvement, whereby the participants describe their expectations, needs, and improvement toward maternal health education. Conclusion Based on qualitative analysis of the data collected in the research area it can be concluded that the experiences of women on the islands of Gihaya, Nkombo, and Ishywa were mainly positive. Suggesting that maternal health education sessions contributed to a positive experience in pregnancy.