Theses and dissertations (Master and Doctoral)

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A Criterion - based audit of Postnatal services given to Mothers and newborns within 24 hours of birth in the general hospital in western Uganda
(2023-09-12) AGWANG AGNES
Abstract Background: Postnatal care is a key global intervention and a major safe motherhood initiative recommended for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality globally. Criterion-based audit helps measure the quality of postnatal care reliably and checks adherence to World Health Organization criteria and standards. This study assessed the quality of postnatal care services offered to mothers and their babies within 24 hours using a baseline Criterion-based audit at the general hospital. Methods: Mixed methods used on a facility Criterion-based audit with descriptive cross-sectional and explorative study design. Study population comprised of quarterly recorded and reviewed maternal postnatal files. A questionnaire and key informant interview guide were used. A systematic sampling technique was used for selecting files while key informants were selected purposively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Qualitative data was transcribed using related concepts to form themes and sub themes. Results: 248 files reviewed. Assessment of the mothers and their babies within one hour after birth almost met the WHO standards in all the parameters except after birth pains and incision site for cesarean mothers. Within 6 hours, assessments fell far below the WHO criteria and standards, including records of potentially life-threatening conditions and information shared upon discharge. No mental health information was shared upon discharge. Immediate care of the newborn almost met the WHO criteria and standards except for stimulation of the baby, use of ambu bag and mask, and use of resuscitation drugs. Six hours and subsequently the standards were not met (head circumference, temperature, bladder and bowel function, color of the eyes, cord checked and skin color), including records of potentially life-threatening conditions. Information on discharge was shared except delayed bath and continuity of prescribed treatment. Factors associated with quality of postnatal care included lack of guidelines, understaffing, inadequate sundries and equipment. Conclusion and recommendations: Assessment of the mothers and their babies after six hours of birth did not meet the WHO criteria and standards. Criterion-Based Audit of postnatal services in this study revealed that attention was given in improving the quality of postnatal care than it did before through, adopting WHO guidelines for postnatal care, improving the staffing levels and their general welfare. Criterion-based Audits can be used in other maternity departments like antenatal clinic and labour ward to assess quality of care.
Accounting Practices and Performance of SMEs: a case of Mukono Central Division
(Uganda Christian University, 2015) Katisme, Nicson
The study sought to establish the accounting practices utilized by the SMEs, the motivation for and against the utilization of these practices and whether the utilization of accounting practices of interest have performance implications for SMEs with same magnitude. The study adopted a survey research approach to achieve the three study objectives. The study also adopted purposive sampling method to get 90 SMEs who participated in the study. The study utilized correlation mean and standard deviation to address objectives one and two of the study and correlation and regression analysis to address the third objective of the study. The study found that an improvement in keeping and preparing purchases and sales ledgers to be associated with improvement in SME performance. The findings also revealed that most of the SMEs to a moderate extent are motivated to utilize accounting practices to keep track of their business activities. However, the study also discovered that most of the SMEs are constrained from utilizing these practices mostly because of lack of training in accounting. The results revealed that accounting practices have some significant implications on the performance of the SMEs in Mukono central division. This finding was based on the regression and correlation analysis. With these findings the study makes a contribution of providing empirical evidence that has been widely missing to channel the presently passionate discussion surrounding the issues of accounting practices and performance of SMEs in the study context.
AN ASSESSMENT OF CAUSAL FACTORS OF ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES IN POWERLINE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN UGANDA. A CASE STUDY IN LUUKA, KALIRO, IGANGA AND BUGWERI DISTRICTS
(0012-09-23) MUHIMBURA BRIAN
ABSTRACT Although, the construction industry contributes to national economic growth, it has been associated with unsafe working environments due to the exposure of workers occupational hazards and injuries. This study assessed the types, prevalence and causal factors of accidents amongst powerline construction workers in Eastern Uganda. A mixed research approach was employed and data collected using both structured and unstructured interviews Descriptive statistics approaches including Chi-square tests and multiple regression model were employed to analyze quantitative data and qualitative data analyzed using thematic analysis. Occupational accidents at worksites included electrocutions, slip, falls from height, overhead power contacts, struck by, struck against and car accident. Injuries included skin pierces, skin peel-offs, swellings and skin cuts. Fatal cases originated from struck-by accidents in (76.4%) and car accidents (23.6).Overhead power contacts (25.2%), struck-by accidents (23.2%) and electric shock (16.4%) accounted for most non-fatal accidents. Only 52% of workers had ever sustained an occupational accident while 69% of them workers had ever sustained an injury. Struck-by accidents (26.5%), struck against (25.7%) and slip accidents (18.6%) were more prevalent accidents while Skin pierce (26.5), skin peel offs (22.8%) and swellings (21.9%) formed the prevalent injuries. Low experience and expertise of workers (68.9%), poor weather conditions (33%), poor conditions & usability of equipment (20.4%), poor communication amongst the workers (25.2%) formed the originating, shaping and immediate influence on accidents. The Duration of work at the powerline construction worksite significantly influenced occupational accidents (P= 0.014). Monthly income (P=0.015), site location (P=0.049), electrician job (P=0.048) and mate electrician job (P=0.034) significantly influenced work-related injuries amongst workers. Investing in work place safeguards and promoting safety behaviour amongst employees should be prioritized by employers.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF TEACHERS’ UNION ON COLLECTIVE BARGAINING FOR TEACHERS IN SELECTED PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN UGANDA: A CASE STUDY OF ARUA DISTRICT
(2023-09-19) Abaku, Nelson
This study was carried out in selected public secondary schools in Arua District. The study is about an assessment of the contribution of teachers’ union on collective bargaining for teachers in selected public secondary schools in Uganda. The specific objectives included; to establish what teachers’ unions collectively bargain for on behalf of members (teachers), to identify the perceived factors influencing collective bargaining process for teachers, and to find out the broad strengths and weaknesses of conducting collective bargaining for teachers. The study adopted a case study research design. Quantitative and qualitative research approaches were also used. The study population comprised directors, head-teachers, UNATU representatives from the district, and district UNATU members (teachers) from selected secondary schools; totaling to 66 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview guide and focus group discussions, and was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The study findings revealed that demand for salary increment and other benefits, against poor working conditions, grievance procedures (government’s failure to sign), demand for the provision of health and safety among teachers, fair compensation, and employee security; these are the major areas/activities teachers’ unions collectively bargain for on behalf of members (teachers) in Arua District. The study also revealed that the Constitution of Uganda and the Labour Unions Act, collective bargaining procedures and protocols followed by parties involved; the methods and approaches used; attitude of members of teachers’ union and entire management; and political influence; these are the major perceived factors influencing collective bargaining process for teachers in Arua District. The study further revealed that teachers’ union in Arua district tend to counter-balance the monopoly power of employers and seek high wages, better working conditions and a fairer share of the school’s profile; salary increment, legally represent teachers on their behalf, prevents teachers from going on strikes; and promoted teachers’ discipline. These are the major broad strengths and weaknesses of teachers’ union conducting collective bargaining for teachers in Arua District. Basing on the above study findings, it was concluded that teachers’ union has a great influence on collective bargaining for teachers in selected public secondary schools in Arua District. The study recommends that political will is of paramount importance. Politicians and other stakeholders should be willing to support teachers’ union and its goals across in Arua district and Uganda at-large; and areas of further research were suggested.
An investigation of the church’s response to premarital sex: With specific reference to Rugyeyo Archdeaconry, Diocese of Kinkiizi of the Anglican Church of Uganda (2013-2023)
(2023-08-22) Naume Kanyesigye
This study aimed at investigating the church’s response to premarital sex with specific reference to Rugyeyo Archdeaconry, Kinkiizi Diocese of the Anglican Church of Uganda. The study was guided by the following objectives: finding out the causes of premarital sex in Rugyeyo Archdeaconry, examining the effects of premarital sex in Rugyeyo Archdeaconry and establishing the Church’s response to the problem of premarital sex in Rugyeyo Archdeaconry, Diocese of Kinkiizi. The descriptive research design was used: both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were utilized. Data was collected using a questionnaire and interviews with the teenagers, their parents, the Church leaders (the Clergy and the Lay Readers). The Probation Officer and some Police Officers in Rugyeyo Archdeaconry, Diocese of Kinkiizi were also interviewed. The causes encompass socio-economic disparities, peer pressure, lack of awareness, emotional vulnerabilities, and external influences, reflecting the intricate interplay of various factors driving teenagers towards premarital sexual relationships. The effects range from early marriages with potential developmental setbacks, increased abortions and health risks, stigmatization, high birth rates with fatherless children, high school dropouts, to loss of self-respect, and exacerbated poverty. These effects emphasize the urgent need for holistic interventions that can support education, healthcare, empowerment, and emotional well-being. The Church's responses highlight a multi-dimensional approach encompassing spiritual guidance, education, counseling, empowerment, community engagement, and policy advocacy. In conclusion, these findings collectively emphasize the importance of tailored, collaborative efforts that address the root causes, mitigate the far-reaching effects, and create a nurturing environment where teenagers can make informed, responsible decisions about their relationships and sexual health. Finally, the study recommended implementing comprehensive sexual education programs to provide teenagers with holistic knowledge and life skills. It suggests integrating practical tools with spiritual guidance through workshops and counseling, promoting responsible decision-making. Collaboration with local authorities is advised to ensure accessible healthcare services, reducing health risks. Community awareness campaigns should challenge stigmatization, while employment opportunities and vocational training can address economic pressures.
Antecedents and outcomes of employee engagement in soft drink industry in Uganda
(2015) Owor, Joseph Jakisa
This study sought to establish the relationship between antecedents and outcomes of employee engagement in the soft drink industry in Uganda. The specific objectives of this study were (1) to ascertain the relationship between engagement antecedents and employee engagement; (2) to determine the relationship between employee engagement and the work outcomes; (3) to establish whether after controlling for the antecedents of engagement, employee engagement will predict unique variance in work outcomes. Adopting a pragmatic philosophy with a sequential mixed methods strategy starting with quantitative cross-sectional survey design (N = 210) followed by key informant interviews with managers the researcher examined the relationship between nine antecedents, employee engagement and four outcomes - job satisfaction, organizational commitment, OCB and turnover intent. Self-administered Questionnaire of four scales were administered to sampled employees of soft drink industry Kampala, Mukono and Buikwe districts of Uganda. Hypotheses were tested through correlation and hierarchical regression analysis techniques. All the nine antecedent variables studied were significantly correlated with employee engagement and employee engagement was significantly correlated with job satisfaction, organizational commitment, OCB and turnover intention. For the job satisfaction model, the hierarchical regression analysis results suggested that employees who experienced a high degree of role clarity, high degree of compensation fairness, and high opportunities for development, also reported being more likely to be satisfied with their place of employment. For the organizational commitment model, the hierarchical regression analysis results shows that three antecedent variables demonstrated a significant relation with organizational commitment, suggesting that employees who experienced a high degree of role clarity, high degree of job security, and high opportunities for development, also reported being more likely to be committed to their organization. For the OCB model, the hierarchical regression analysis results shows that five antecedent variables demonstrated a significant relation with OCB - role clarity, collaboration, job security, compensation fairness, and development. For the turnover intent model, the hierarchical regression analysis found the significant antecedents to be collaboration, social support, reward/recognition, compensation fairness and development. This research has validated and extended the engagement model and social exchange theory in the Uganda context. The only antecedent that is significant in all the four outcome models is development. The recommendation is that for businesses to improve their employee outcomes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, OCB and reduction of turnover intent) they should develop and nurture strategies for improvement of the significant antecedents and employee engagement by concentrating on employee development, compensation fairness, role clarity, job security, collaboration and organizational support. Amazingly, reward/recognition as well as job design characteristics and material resources were found to be insignificant in the outcome models.
Assessing the Community-led Total Sanitation Approach in achieving Open Defecation Free Status among residents of Katikamu Sub-county, Luweero District
(2016-11) Namyalo, Josephine
Background: Open defecation can lead to public health problems most especially in areas where people defecate openly in bushes, gardens, rivers and other water bodies. Nonetheless, even with the availability of toilets, people still need to be convinced to desist from open defecation and use toilets. Therefore, the need for behavior change is critical in addition to the provision of toilets; this has been attempted through the use of programs like the Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS). Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of the community led total sanitation approach in achieving open defecation free status among residents of Katikamu Sub County - Luwero district Methods: This was a mixed methods cross sectional study. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected for this study. Simple random sampling was used to sample out seven of the nine present parishes. In each of the sampled parishes cluster sampling was used to map out the parishes; in this procedure the parishes were clustered into rural parishes and urban parishes. Systematic sampling was used to select households with the eligible respondent who was a household head. Structured interviews were conducted to collect quantitative data from the respondents. Focus group discussions were conducted in this study in order to triangulate it (have more than one method and therefore type of data to rely on) in order to achieve higher reliability of the results. The quantified data was then transferred to Statistical Package of Social sciences (SPSS) computer package for data analysis. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis Results: When asked whether the household of or any of his house hold members with the exemption of infants had eased themselves in a place other than a latrine or toilet, more than three quarters of them denied this occurrence 327(85.2%). More than half of the respondents 245(63%) reported that a member of the CLTS program team had come around their area to check on the condition of latrines before the CLTS sessions started. Majority of the respondents noted that their household members were involved in the CLTS programme (72.1%), that the CLTS facilitation had helped them in realizing the importance of having a latrine 334 (87%). The importance of CLTS in having an ODF household was shown by the CLTS facilitators to the respondents according to 325 (84.6%) of them and lastly, it was also reported that the local authorities in Katikamu had been supportive all through the CLTS process (88.3%). Local resources for construction of latrines were possessed by the majority of the respondents (n = 226, 58.9%). For the respondents who owned latrines, resources for the maintenance of those latrines were owned by the vast majority of them (n = 295, 84.8%). Man power for pit latrine construction was also reported to be available by most of the respondents (n = 240, 62.5%). Resources for pit latrine construction and maintenance did not have a statistically significant relationship with open defecation status in Luwero district (p<0.05). Seven CLTS activities had statistically significant contributions to the open defecation status of residents in Katikamu Sub County. These were whether anyone came around to check on the condition of latrines before the CLT sessions started (X2 = 8.784, p = 0.000), whether CLTS facilitation helped in realizing the importance of having a latrine among the respondents (X2 = 5.528, p = 0.019), whether was easy to attend CLTS follow up sessions (X2 = 17.390, p = 0.000), the Officials who did the CLTS follow-up (X2 = 16.757, p = 0.000), whether follow up was done on the outcome of CLTS (X2 = 28.959, p = 0.000), whether the Community was declared ODF (X2 =3.859 , p = 0.049), and whether the respondents felt shame and disgust during the triggering sessions (X2 = 15.417, p = 0.000). Respondents in areas where someone came around to check on the condition of latrines before the CLTS sessions started were less likely to practice OD (OR = 0.362). This was the same for Individuals who said that CLTS facilitation helped in realizing the importance of having a latrine (OR = 0.540), and those for whom it was easy to attend CLTS follow up sessions (OR = 0.596) Conclusion: Open defecation is low but still existent in about 2 of every ten residents in Katikamu Sub County. The community led total sanitation program is effective in Katikamu Sub County with some minimal gaps in the pre triggering and follow phases. Resources for latrine construction are available; however this does not affect ODF status. The community led total sanitation program activities have a significant effect on the ODF status in Katikamu Sub County.
Assessment of heavy metal concentrations in water, sediment and Water hyacinth of the Inner Murchison Bay, Lake Victoria
(2023-09-08) Rosette Zawadi Lokuni
This study assessed heavy metal pollution in the Inner Murchison Bay within Lake Victoria region. The assessment was based on determination of concentrations of heavy metals in water, sediment and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). The Bay is the abstraction point of water supplied in Kampala City and metropolitan areas. It is also the recipient of partially treated and untreated wastewater from the City. There is a potential for continuous deterioration of the Bay’s water quality due to anthropogenic activities carried out in its catchment. Twelve sampling locations that are representative of the Bay were used to gather samples of water, sediment, and water hyacinth based on cross-sectional study. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) analysis was performed on the samples to ascertain their lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) concentrations. Results showed that the concentration of Pb and Cd in water was above the permissible limits set by WHO and NEMA (Pb:0.01ppm and Cd:0.003) at all sites. In sediment, Pb was below the LEL (31.0) while Cd exceeded both the LEL (0.60) and TEL (0.99) signifying that the values of Pb and Cd were permissible as per the sediment assessment guidelines Contamination Factor and Pollution Load Index indicated moderate pollution of the sediment with Pb and Cd (CF>1, PLI>1). The values of Bio-concentration factor for water hyacinths were above 1 indicating that the plants were able to take up Pb and Cd from water. Mercury (Hg) was below the detectable levels in all the samples. Pb and Cd are from agricultural fertilizers, industrial effluent, urban runoff, wastewater effluent, navigation and recreational activities carried out in the catchment of the Bay. Evidence of concentration of heavy metals in water, sediment and water hyacinth indicates pollution of the Bay by heavy metals thus continuous monitoring of the Bay’s state is crucial. Key words: Inner Murchison Bay, Heavy Metals, Contamination Factor, Pollution Load Index, Water hyacinth, Bio-concentration Factor, Lowest Element Level (LEL), Threshold Element Level (TEL), Probable Effect Concentration (PEC) and Severe Effect Level (SEL)
Automated Teller Machines (ATM) Adoption Strategies and Customer Satisfaction in Commercial Banks in Uganda: A Case of Centenary Rural Development Bank Branches in the Central Business District of Kampala
(Uganda Christian University, 2021-07) Nanyanzi, Immaculate Mary
The primary objective of the study was to assess the effect of ATM adoption strategies on customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank in Kampala Central Business District. Specifically, the study assessed how perceive ease of use affects customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank; established the extent to which perceived usefulness affects customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank; and examined the relationship between ATMs adoption strategies and customer satisfaction at Centenary Rural Development Bank. The study used a cross – sectional research design and a mixed research approach (qualitative and quantitative approaches). A sample size of 310 respondents was selected from a study population of 1600 using of Krejcie & Morgan’s table and a response rate of 60% was obtained after distribution of the research instruments. Descriptive analysis was used where frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used. In addition, Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were used to analyse the relationship between competitive strategies and life insurance uptake, and to determine the most significant predicator variable among the independent variables respectively. The study findings established: a significant positive relationship between perceived ease of use and customer satisfaction (r = 0.487, N=184, p = 0.000); and a significant positive relationship between perceived usefulness and customer satisfaction (r =0.493, N=184, p = 0.000). The researcher concluded that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of ATMs significantly contribute to customer satisfaction at Centenary bank where a positive change in customers’ perception regarding the ease of use and usefulness of ATMs would lead to a positive change in customer satisfaction. The researcher recommended that there should be sensitization of customers on the use of ATM as this will improve the clientele effective understanding on how to use ATM to make transactions, which creates a positive perception regarding the ease of use of ATM and induce customer satisfaction. The researcher also recommended that banks should provide constant security at ATM points, improve on ATM card security measures, install ATMs in more convenient and secure places and re-design ATM system user inter-face to possess more clear direction of inserting the card without try and error method as this will change the customers’ negative perception about the usefulness of ATMs thus, strengthen customer satisfaction.
The bible, growing landless-ness, and environmental degradation in modern Uganda: An encounter.
(Uganda Christian University, 2002) Olwa, Alfred
In modern Uganda two situations, in which a theme from the bible is understood to have immediate practical consequences in the lives of many people, is landlessness and environmental degradation. In this dissertation the author examines the problem of landlessness and environmental degradation in modern Uganda. The author asserts that the problem of growing landlessness and environmental degradation is relevant to the Church in modern Uganda. The author recommends that the Church leadership in Uganda in dealing with the problem should focus on justice and righteousness.
The biblical view of the unborn child Psalm 139: 13-18
(Uganda Christian University, 1992) Ebong, Johnson O.
Abortion is a new phenomenon among contemporary Africans which has become a common practice among the young and adults alike. In this research work the author examines the biblical view of the unborn child according to Psalm 139:13-18, the author stresses the fact that the systematic and intentional destruction of the unborn child with the aim to relieve its mother from pregnancy, was a rare practice among traditional African societies. The author affirms that the biblical view portrays God as the source of life and that at every stage of human life, God has a purpose hence the need to preserve, protect and defend human life at all stages. The author recommends the Church leadership to help the Christians to read the bible and seek guidance from the word of God on life issues such as abortion, to teach and preach constantly the value of human life, to speak and write strongly about the practice of abortion, to form pro-life associations with the help of doctors who value life, and to help parents to promote the value of life among their children and teach them to respect human life.
Body Wasting Among Tuberculosis Patients in Urban Uganda
(Case Western Reserve University, 2010-05) Mupere, Ezekiel
Background although body wasting is a cardinal feature of tuberculosis, its etiology and management is poorly understood; and its assessment is overlooked in research and in clinical practice. Objective We established whether body wasting modifies survival and body composition changes during and after tuberculosis treatment; whether HIV modifies dietary intake among tuberculosis patients; whether dietary intake differs by wasting and severity of disease status; and whether dietary intake influences body composition. Methods Retrospective cohort and cross-sectional designs were employed. Height-normalized body mass (BMI), fat-free mass (FFMI), and fat mass (FMI) indices and 24-hour dietary intake recall were measured. Results Body wasting was associated with reduced survival and the effect differed by gender. FFMI was found to be a predictor of survival among women whereas BMI was among men. Wasting was associated with substantial linear increase in FFMI, FMI, and BMI during the first three months but the rate of increase differed by gender and not HIV status. Changes in body composition among men were affected by initial FFMI and BMI, whereas among women by FMI. There were minimal changes in body composition after month 3 and during the one year period after month 12 regardless of the initial body composition, gender, and HIV status. Dietary intake in the study population was monotonous, rich in carbohydrates and deficient in nutrients. Dietary intake at the time of diagnosis was influenced by severity of tuberculosis disease, but not HIV status and in the absence of tuberculosis was influenced by gender. Prediction of body composition by energy and protein intake differed by gender. Energy intake was an important predictor of body composition among women whereas appetite was among men. Conclusion Results provide theoretical framework to provide targeted nutritional intervention to patients presenting with wasting and patients of female gender. National programs should integrate nutritional health education in the management of tuberculosis. Nutritional assessment should involve establishment of body composition to identify patients that may be at risk of poor survival. Further evaluation is needed to understand changes in dietary intake overtime and its impact on body composition.
The Chemical Composition of Haplochromis spp.
(Loughborough University of Technology, 1981) Ssali, William Mamiima
The Haplochromis genus constitutes about 80% by weight of the fish in Lake Victoria yet only small amounts are utilised directly for food. There are over 150 species of Haplochromis, in the lake forming a species flock and any typical catch is made up of a mixture of many species. Morphological resemblance of the species makes identification of individual species very difficult. Little information has been published about the chemical composition of Haplochrornis. The present study provides chemical composition data for lioid. protein and other nutritionally important constituents of Haolochromis as an aid to the processing of the resource and its nutritional evaluation. Four batches of Haplochromis from Lake Victoria were received. The first batch was analysed only for total lipid. Fish from the other three batches, caught over a five month period, were each split into four weight groups. Data were obtained for the weight distribution in the batches, the relationship between weight and length of the fish, weight and maximum depth of the fish and for the proportions of head, gut and headless gutless portions in the different weight groups.
Children’s right to protection and ability to participate in career decision making in Makindye Division, Kampala Capital City
(2023-09-19) FATUMA OMAR
This research sought to examine children protection laws on the promotion of the right to participation. It also sought to explore children’s understanding of their right to participation in career decision making and also to assess children’s participation in career decision making, both at school and home. This study employed a cross sectional design, utilizing mixed methods research approach. The research undertook a case study exploration of these issues directly with children in order to examine their understanding of participation and their actual participation in career decision making. Teachers, parents/guardians, civil servants and non-governmental organizations that work in line with children, were also involved to assess their role in the promotion of the right to participation. The key study findings show that Laws and policies on children protection and especially on participation are well articulated, and are in line with universal and international standards. Findings also show that Children’s understanding of the right to participation and their actual participation is high. Lastly, the study findings show that there is an increase in the promotion of children’s rights which is reflected through the increased participation in career decision making. The study recommends continuance of empowerment and awareness and that children should be supported to realize their participation rights.
The Christian influence on the understanding of death among the Acholi
(Uganda Christian University, 2001) Ayela, Labeja .O. O.
Focus: For the Acholi people of Northern Uganda, traditionally death is a natural phenomenon which is inevitable and unquestionable. In this dissertation, the author assesses the Christian influence on the understanding of death among the Acholi. The author confirms that for the traditional Acholi human beings have no permanent existence in the physical or spiritual world and no future life in terms of resurrection. The author affirms that their traditional understanding of death contributes to fear, beliefs and practices in handling the sick, corpse, burial arrangement, funeral rites and inheritance of widows among the Acholi people. The author asserts that the advent of Christianity in Acholi in 1904 has greatly changed this understanding through the introduction of the concept of resurrection, and as a result superstition on the origin of death, the way of caring for the sick, and the dying, burial system, mourning, funeral rites, the inheritance of widows and life after death have a new meaning for the Acholi of contemporary era. The author recommends that in order to maintain the resurrection influence on the Acholi people, the Church must continue effective evangelization of the non-Christian Acholi and effectively nurture the Christian Acholi converts.
Community involvement and management of public Secondary schools in Kumi district, Uganda
(2023-09-11) Simon Ekabot
The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of community involvement on the management of public secondary schools in Kumi district. The study objectives were to assess how the community is involved in management of public secondary schools in Kumi district, to examine the influence of community involvement on the management of public secondary schools in Kumi district and to investigate the challenges faced in community involvement in management of public secondary schools in Kumi district. A total of 211 respondents were used in this study and these included the head teachers, teachers, community members and DEO. The researcher used a descriptive survey design. Questionnaires and interview guides were used as data collection instruments. Study findings revealed that in most public secondary schools, community members are not involved in school management. Study findings also revealed that most community members do not offer financial and non-financial support to schools besides the school fees they pay. Findings of the study further revealed that community involvement has a great influence on school management because it increases students’ enrolment and attendance, helps community members to air out their grievances, makes community members to demand for accountability and improves on the relationship between community members and school administration and increases students’ performance. Study findings also revealed that community involvement in school management faces a lot of challenges: delayed remittance of capitation grant by government, reluctance of community members to participate in school activities, individual differences among community members and hostility of some community members. This has made it difficult to manage public secondary schools. Basing on study findings, it was recommended that Public secondary schools in Kumi District should fully involve community members in school management, the government ought to remit capitation grant to schools in time, there ought to be diversity management among community members such that individual differences among community members are ignored and there is need to create a cordial relationship between community members and school administration to curb down hostility of some community members.
Community Media Narrowcasting In Uganda: An Assessment of Community Audio Towers
(University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2016) Semujju, Brian
This thesis is about Community Audio Towers (CATs). CATs are small media platforms that use horn speakers hoisted on a long dry pole, an amplifier and a microphone to communicate daily village events. This study shows that individuals depend more on CATs than other available mainstream channels. The thesis interrogates the level of individual (i.e. villager) dependency on CATs in Ugandan rural and semi-urban communities alongside the other three available platforms in Uganda: radio, television and newspapers. There is a gap in existing literature to explain dependencies in small (alternative) media like CATs. Therefore, the study uses the Media System Dependency (MSD) theory (Ball-Rokeach and DeFleur, 1976), a relevant media theory that explains dependencies on a communication platform similar to this case study. However, since CATs are a community media, they are also theorised in this study within the framework of development communication, which helps the study to argue that CATs are small media platforms that provide local information. However, due to the need to investigate dependencies in CATs, the study‘s main research questions are raised using the MSD theory. The study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods. To investigate the level of individual dependency on CATs, a survey was done among 100 respondents from two districts in Uganda (50 respondents from each district). Data was collected in the rural Masaka district and in the semi-urban Mukono district. Additionally, to understand how CATs are sustained, how they attract the community members, and their position in the national communication infrastructure, ten key informant interviews were conducted with various CATs stakeholders like: the State Minister for ICT, technical experts at Uganda Communications Commission, District information and Development officers, local council chairmen and CATs announcers. The study found that the level of individual dependency on CATs is higher than the individual dependency on any other mass communication platform accessed by the sample communities. CATs appear to attract the audience through localising the processes of information gathering, processing and dissemination. These processes are affordable and done by the locals themselves, something that increases attention whenever the community requires a channel to communicate an issue. The challenges include noise, lack of a licence or regulation, and weather variations that disturb sound waves. The thesis concludes by introducing Small Media System Dependency (SMSD) relations to explain dependency relations in small/alternative media platforms.
Competitive Strategies and Life Insurance Uptake in Uganda: A Case Study of Kampala Central Business District
(Uganda Christian University, 2021-06) Bwire, Jonan
The study examined the effect of competitive strategies on life insurance uptake in Uganda using Kampala Central Business District as a case study. The specific objectives of the study included to: establish the extent to which differentiation strategy affects life insurance uptake in Uganda; assess how cost leadership strategy affects life insurance uptake in Uganda; and examine the extent to which distribution channel affects life insurance uptake in Uganda. A cross – sectional research design was used with a mixed research approach employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A sample size of 306 respondents was selected from a study population of 1500 using of Krejcie & Morgan’s table. Descriptive analysis was used where frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used. In addition, Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were used to analyse the relationship between competitive strategies and life insurance uptake, and to determine the most significant predicator variable among the independent variables respectively. A pre-test was done and all variables had an alpha value greater than 0.70 thus, considered reliable for the study. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between differentiation strategy and life insurance uptake at Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r = 0.291, N=181, P =0.000). The study also established a significant positive relationship between cost leadership strategy and life insurance uptake (r =0.169, N=181, p=0.023). It was also established that there exists a significant positive relationship between distribution channel and life insurance uptake at Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r = 0.241, N=181, p=0.001). The R square was 0.12 indicating that differentiation strategy, cost leadership strategy and distribution channels explain 12.0% of the life insurance uptake. The researcher concluded that differentiation strategy, cost leadership strategy and distribution channel strategy have a significant positive effect on life insurance uptake. The researcher recommended that there should be more differentiation of life insurance products and services offering, as this will enable companies experience growth in the areas of premium volumes, market share, and profitability levels. The researcher also recommended that the cost of life insurance premiums should be further reduced to allow even low income earners afford life insurance policies. Finally, the researcher recommended that there should be streamlined product distribution channels such that customers are able to receive reliable and accessible products/services at very competitive prices.
Conditional inference
(1984-08) Senyonyi, John M.
Conditional inference is a branch of statistical inference in which observed data is reduced using either sufficient or ancillary statistics. This often simplifies inference about the parameters. In comparison to full likelihood methods, conditional inference theory’s performance still needs validating in many areas. Some of these are the concern of this thesis. While the definition of an ancillary statistic in single parameter models is unequivocal, the presence of accessory (or nuisance) parameters in a model presents problems in defining an ancillary statistic. Statistical literature abounds with definitions of ancillarity in this case. Some of the commonest and most useful of these are discussed and shown to be interrelated. This facilitates the choice of the strongest eligible ancillary in a problem, i.e. that which offers the biggest reduction of the sample space. The Pitman-Morgan test for variance ratios in bivariate normal populations with unknown correlation coefficient is shown to be a conditional test. We condition on sufficient statistics for the accessory parameters to eliminate them. The test statistic is then derived as an ancillary statistic for the accessory parameters. When a probability model depends on a number of accessory parameters which increases with the sample size, estimation methods based on the full likelihood will often be inconsistent. Using a partial likelihood instead has been suggested. Local maximum partial likelihood estimators are shown to exist, and to be consistent and asymptotically normal under mild conditions. These results also cover conditional and marginal likelihoods, thus considerably strengthening earlier results in this area. In planning statistical inferences, it is useful to choose a sampling scheme which provides only the essential data to our inferences. Jagers’ lemma proposes very general conditions under which maximum likelihood estimation from a subset of the data is identical with that from the full data. However, the lemma is incorrect as given. We show that an additional sufficiency condition repairs the lemma. It is further shown that this lemma cannot be extended to general exponential families.
Consumer Beliefs and Brand Revitalization: Case Study of OMO Detergent Brand
(Uganda Christian University, 2019) Tinashe, Mashingaidze Peter
In an ever changing world powerful brands have to adopt to the new trends and evolve to match the market demand. Brand revitalization involves the company adapting change in product attributes to challenge the new competition as an attempt to bring back the product to life, to perform better and new approaches are implemented which may include market expansion, modification of product and brand repositioning, (Gregory Hamel, 2016). Consumer belief is influenced by the brand attributes as a consumer seeks to find favorable price, function and perception towards the product. Brand revitalization helps to timely adjust changing trends being able to meet the changing attributes needs and desires of consumers and deal with competitive threats. This gives a brand the advantage to stay ahead of the curve in recognition of current and future strategic and competitive challenges. Starting the revitalization process before the brand fades sets a track record to be followed by the organization on the performance of the brand, Chekitan and Kevin, (2014). The Park Hotel India used a seven step process Chekitan and Kevin, (2014), Light and Kidodon (2009) used the six step analysis of brand revitalization.

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