Lifestyle Factors Accelerating Ageing of PLHIV in the Art Clinics of Kampala, Uganda

Abstract

Introduction Ageing is an un-avoidable and natural phenomenon of life, but with modified lifestyle, physical and cognitive function and the quality of life of a person living with HIV can help them live a quality ageing life while on ART. This study sought to understand a range of geriatric lifestyle factors that accelerate ageing among HIV-infected persons who are actively on ART in Makindye Division in Uganda. Specifically, we assessed how smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and body weight control accelerated ageing in this category of patients. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving PLHIV actively on ART aged 45 and above in public and faith-based healthcare facilities in Makindye Division, the highest populated in Kampala District. 478 participants were sampled from Nsambya Hospital, Kiruddu Hospital and Ggaba Fishing Community ART clinic. Data collectors were trained, a pre-testing done, and data was exported to STATA for analysis. Results Running (p=0.044) and exercise bike (0.043) were the only factors associated with ageing in the multi-variate model. Neither smoking nor alcohol consumption had a statistically significant association with ageing; recreational drug use was also not associated with ageing. requency of physical exercise (p=0.021), engaging in running (p=0.046) or exercise bike (p=0.027) as a physical activity had a statistically significant association with ageing. Only perception of overweight status had a statistically significant association with ageing among this study population (p=0.016). Conclusion In conclusion, exercising only 1-2 times a month is a risk factor to accelerated ageing for a PLHIV aged 45+ on ART in Makindye. However, both engaging in running and the use of exercise bike as forms of physical exercise are protective against accelerated ageing among them. Surprisingly, smoking, alcohol consumption and the use of recreational drugs are of no risk to their accelerated ageing. More frequent exercises through aerobics and the purchase of jogging costumes and bicycles are highly recommended.