TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: A CASE OF MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES, UGANDA

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study was prompted by persistent motivation challenges within Uganda’s Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) and the limited understanding of how transformational leadership influence employee motivation in the country’s public sector context. The specific objectives were to assess the influence of idealized influence, individualized consideration, and intellectual stimulation on employee motivation.

A cross-sectional research design was employed, utilizing a quantitative approach. Data were collected from a sample of 230 employees using structured questionnaires and an interview guide. The sample was selected through stratified and simple random sampling techniques to ensure representation across various departments. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS Version 25, employing descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis to determine the relationships between the variables, whereas qualitative data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method.

The findings revealed that all three dimensions of transformational leadership significantly and positively influenced employee motivation. Idealized influence (β = 0.156, t = 2.680, p = 0.008) indicated that leaders who act as role models and uphold high ethical standards inspire greater motivation among employees. Individualized consideration (β = 0.169, t = 2.509, p = 0.013) suggested that personalized attention and support from leaders enhance employee morale and commitment. Intellectual stimulation (β = 0.581, t = 8.098, p < 0.001) demonstrated that encouraging innovation and critical thinking substantially boosts employee engagement and motivation.

The study concluded that transformational leadership practices positively impact employee motivation within MAAIF. From the conclusions, it was recommended that the ministry revise its leadership policies to integrate transformational leadership principles, implement targeted training programs, and establish mechanisms for continuous leadership development.