Prevalence and Factors Associated With Substance Use Among Girls in Compassion International Aided Projects in Nakawa and Kawempe Divisions, Kampala District

Abstract

Introduction: The global burden of disease estimated that the world's top three killers were, in order, illicit substances, alcohol, and tobacco. Further predictions indicate that smoking tobacco will cause 1 billion deaths worldwide in the 21st century. In addition, it is predicted that the percentage of people who currently drink will increase from 47% in 2017 to 50%, while the percentage of people who abstain from alcohol will decrease from 43% in 2017 to 40% in 2030. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional survey, employing quantitative research. Simple random sampling was employed, identifying 367 young girls aged 13 to 22 who are supported in their school by the Compassion aided project in the Nakawa and Kawempe divisions who participated in the study. A structured questionnaire was developed and used in the study, it had closed-ended questions. Data was analyzed at three levels; univariate, bivariate and multivariate at a confidence level of 95%. Results: The results revealed that a significant proportion of respondents (55.86%) reported having used substances, with alcohol being the most commonly used substance (48.29%), followed by cocaine (11.22%). Substance use was more prevalent among older girls, particularly those above 18 years (64.76%) and among those with guardians or parents who used substances. Factors such as poor relationships with parents, peer influence, and lack of proper guidance were identified as contributing to substances use. Additionally, faith-based practices, such as regular church attendance, were associated with a lower likelihood of substance use. Statistical analysis confirmed significant associations between substance use and various demographic, familial, and religious factors Conclusion: In conclusion, the study reveals that substance use among girls is influenced by a combination of demographic, familial, and social factors. Older age, poor parental relationships, and exposure to substance use within the family significantly increase the likelihood of substance use. Peer influence and inadequate guidance also contribute to the problem. However, religious practices, particularly regular church attendance, emerge as protective factors, reducing the probability of substance use. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions that strengthen family bonds, provide proper guidance, and leverage the role of faith-based communities to mitigate substances abuse among girls.