Analysis of persistence soil nutrient status in abandoned cattle kraals in a semi arid area in Botswana

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dc.contributor.authorKizza, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorOtlogetswe, Totolo
dc.contributor.authorPerkins, Jeremy
dc.contributor.authorOlusegun, Areola
dc.date.accessioned2018-05-04T07:20:33Z
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-21T09:36:00Z
dc.date.available2018-05-04T07:20:33Z
dc.date.available2021-12-21T09:36:00Z
dc.date.issued2010-12
dc.descriptionThe aim of this study was to analyze the depletion of soil nutrients with time on abandoned kraals in a peri-urban area of Botswana.en_US
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the depletion of soil nutrients with time on abandoned kraals in a peri-urban area of Botswana. Active kraals are enriched with nutrients through the accumulation of animal droppings and this study was aimed at assessing how long the impact of this soil nutrient enrichment persists after kraal abandonment. A total of 25 disused kraals, that had been abandoned for periods ranging from 1 to 45 years were sampled. The soil parameters analyzed included particle size distribution (%), bulk density (g/cm3), pore space (%), moisture content (%), pH in water and KCl solution, EC (µS/cm), organic matter (%), CEC (meq/100g), exchangeable Ca++ (cmolc/kg), Mg++ (cmolc/kg),K+ (cmolc/kg), Na+ (cmolc/kg), nitrogen [NH4-N (mg/kg), NO3-N (mg/kg), TKN (%), and Olsen P (mg/kg). Results showed that soil nutrient concentrations on abandoned kraals generally were significantly higher than at the control sites. Soil nutrient concentrations decreased with time as abandoned kraals retrogressed towards their pre-kraal conditions. However, the effects of soil nutrient enrichment from animal wastes persist long after kraal abandonment. For example, soil Olsen P, Ca++ and Mg++ levels in kraal sites that had been abandoned for over 45 years were still significantly higher than in the control sites. In a pastoral system such as is practiced in Botswana where kraal manure is not used as soil amendment, the whole ecosystem suffers as soil nutrients are transferred and concentrated at isolated spots (kraals).en_US
dc.identifier.citationKizza, Sarah, Otlogetswe, Totolo, Perkins, Jeremy, Olusegun, Areola, 2010. Analysis of persistence soil nutrient status in abandoned cattle kraals in a semi arid area in Botswana.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11951/214
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectAbandoned kraalen_US
dc.subjectSoil nutrient statusen_US
dc.subjectPastoral systemsen_US
dc.subjectSemi-ariden_US
dc.titleAnalysis of persistence soil nutrient status in abandoned cattle kraals in a semi arid area in Botswanaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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The final, definitive version of this paper has been published in the Scientific Research and Essays, Vol.5/Issue 23, December/2010. http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/SRE/article-abstract/80F8FE916364; published by Academic Journals, All rights reserved.
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