The Role of Backward Mutations on the Within-Host Dynamics of HIV-1

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dc.contributor.authorKitayimbwa, John M.
dc.contributor.authorMugisha, Joseph Y. T.
dc.contributor.authorSaenz, Roberto A.
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-21T09:29:30Z
dc.date.available2020-01-21T09:29:30Z
dc.date.issued2012-09-06
dc.description.abstractThe quality of life for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) has been positively impacted by the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the benefits of ART are usually halted by the emergence of drug resistance. Drug-resistant strains arise from virus mutations, as HIV-1 reverse transcription is prone to errors, with mutations normally carrying fitness costs to the virus. When ART is interrupted, the wild-type drug-sensitive strain rapidly out-competes the resistant strain, as the former strain is fitter than the latter in the absence of ART. One mechanism for sustaining the sensitive strain during ART is given by the virus mutating from resistant to sensitive strains, which is referred to as backward mutation. This is important during periods of treatment interruptions as prior existence of the sensitive strain would lead to replacement of the resistant strain. In order to assess the role of backward mutations in the dynamics of HIV-1 within an infected host, we analyze a mathematical model of two interacting virus strains in either absence or presence of ART. We study the effect of backward mutations on the definition of the basic reproductive number, and the value and stability of equilibrium points. The analysis of the model shows that, thanks to both forward and backward mutations, sensitive and resistant strains co-exist. In addition, conditions for the dominance of a viral strain with or without ART are provided. For this model, backward mutations are shown to be necessary for the persistence of the sensitive strain during ART.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipJMK was supported by a Wellcome Trust Uganda PhD Fellowship in Infection and Immunity, funded by a Wellcome Trust Strategic Award (grant number 084344). RAS was supported by the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission (PBDR: Grant Agreement Number 268540).en_US
dc.identifier.citationKitayimbwa, J.M., Mugisha, J.Y.T. & Saenz, R.A. The role of backward mutations on the within-host dynamics of HIV-1. J. Math. Biol. 67, 1111–1139 (2013) doi:10.1007/s00285-012-0581-2en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-012-0581-2
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11951/854
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJournal of Mathematical Biologyen_US
dc.subjectWithin-host modelen_US
dc.subjectHIV-1en_US
dc.subjectDrug resistanceen_US
dc.subjectVirus mutationsen_US
dc.titleThe Role of Backward Mutations on the Within-Host Dynamics of HIV-1en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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