Browsing by Author "Lukande Robert"

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    Aids-Related Disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma with Renal Involvement: A Rare Non-Transplant Case Report
    (2025-04-01) Omega, Phillip; Musoke Sharrif; Alele David; Okecha, Tonny; Mawanda Anatoli; Mwesigwa, Boaz; Adokorach, Gladys; Lukande Robert; Kalungi Sam
    Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a vascular malignancy associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). In Africa, the commonest type is the AIDS-associated KS seen in immunocompromised individuals, infected with HIV. Although KS primarily affects the skin and mucosal surfaces, visceral involvement is also well-documented, with the lungs and gastrointestinal tract being the most frequently affected sites. Renal involvement in non-transplant patients remains exceptionally rare. We present a case of a 33-year-old HIV-positive woman with a history of non-adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), who developed disseminated KS involving the oral mucosa, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and the right kidney. She presented with respiratory distress, generalized lymphadenopathy, and a hyperpigmented sublingual mass. Histopathological examination of the oral lesion confirmed KS, and post-mortem findings revealed extensive tumor infiltration of multiple organs, including the right kidney. This case highlights the aggressive nature of disseminated KS in severely immunocompromised patients and underscores the critical importance of HAART adherence in preventing disease progression. Given the exceptional rarity of non-allograft renal KS, this report adds to the limited literature on its occurrence and emphasizes the need for heightened clinical awareness when evaluating advanced KS cases.
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    BRCA1 Protein Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Associated Clinicopathological Factors in Uganda
    (Wiley, 2024-10-21) Okecha, Tonny; Abila, Derrick B.; Nabbale, Dorothy L.; Katongole, Fauz; Yahaya, James Joseph; Lukande Robert; Kalungi, Sam; Nalwoga, Hawa
    BRCA1 gene dysfunction seen in epithelial ovarian carcinomas often results from germline mutations, somatic mutations, and promoter methylation. Identi0cation of tumors with loss of BRCA1 protein expression has shown to have therapeutic and prognostic implications. *e aim of this study was to determine the expression of BRCA1 protein in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and the associated clinicopathological characteristics. This was a cross-sectional laboratory-based study that used para5n-embedded tissue blocks of patients histologically diagnosed with EOC from January 2010 to August 2018. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for histological con0rmation and with immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a mouse-derived monoclonal antibody MS110 for BRCA1 protein expression. *e association between BRCA1 protein expression and independent variables was determined using Pearson’s Chi-square test. A total of 104 tissue blocks from patients with EOC were included in the study with a mean age of 48.7 ± 12.8 years. Serous tumors were the most common which comprised 74.0% (77/104) of all the tumors and majority of them 75.3% (58/77) were high grade. Loss of expression of BRCA1 protein expression was found in 33.7% (33/98) of all the cases. *ere was no statistically signi0cant association between BRCA1 expression and age of patients, tumor grade, and histological subtype. There is a high expression of altered BRCA1 expression in tissues of EOC. Although it has not shown association with age of patients, histology types, and tumor grade, further studies need to assess its inCuence of the survival of cancer patients with EOC.