UCU Digital Institutional Repository(UCUDIR)

Welcome to the Uganda Christian University Digital Institutional Repositoy (UCUDIR). This is the University's official Institutional Repository. It aims to collect, preserve and showcase the intellectual output of staff and students of UCU. This growing collection of research includes peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, working papers, theses, and more.

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Recent Submissions

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INFLUENCE OF HOUSEHOLD WATER HANDLING PRACTICES ON THE QUALITY OF DOMESTIC WATER IN MBARARA CITY, SOUTHWESTERN UGANDA
(UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, 2025-10-08) TUSIIMIRE BENJAMIN
Safe drinking water remains a public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries despite improvements in supply infrastructure. This study assessed the influence of household water handling practices on domestic water quality in Mbarara City, Southwestern Uganda. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October 2024 and January 2025 among 72 randomly selected households across 12 wards. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, observations, and water sampling at three points within the household water chain: source (such as tap), storage, and drinking water. Microbiological analyses included total plate count, coliforms, and Escherichia coli, while physicochemical parameters assessed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS). Results showed that physicochemical parameters remained within Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) limits. However, microbiological contamination was detected in several wards, particularly at the storage stages. Post-source contamination was linked to unsafe handling practices such as the use of uncovered containers, infrequent cleaning, and prolonged storage. Regression analysis indicated significant associations between container type and EC (β = 219.47, p < 0.01), and between annual cleaning and elevated TDS (β = 67.25, p = 0.045). Socio-demographic factors, including education and income, also influenced safe water handling practices. The study concludes that while the supply water largely met national standards, poor handling practices compromised household water safety. Interventions promoting regular cleaning of storage containers, safer storage methods, and community education on water hygiene are recommended to safeguard water quality and reduce waterborne disease risks in Mbarara City.
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LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANISATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AMONG ANGLICAN-BASED PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN UGANDA
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-10-06) Nabwire Mercy
This study investigated the impact of directive, supportive, and participative leadership styles on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of lecturers in two Anglican-founded private universities in Uganda: Uganda Christian University and Ndejje University. The study also investigated organizational commitment to mediate. The data were collected using a mixed-methods approach, i.e., convergent parallel design, from 430 lecturers with structured questionnaires and from 14 department leaders with in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were calculated using SPSS, while qualitative answers were coded from content analysis and reported verbatim. Results revealed that directive leadership, as defined in terms of intensive control and close monitoring as how it is measured, had a weak but negative influence on OCB (r = -0.090, p = 0.046), which supports the argument that micromanagement discourages organizationally beneficial discretionary behavior. Supportive leadership, where employee care and guidance were focused upon, was the strongest positive predictor of OCB (r = 0.350, p = 0.000), reflecting how endorsement and support create employees who go that extra mile beyond the call of duty. Participative leadership, in which the workers are consulted in making decisions, positively but less strongly affected (r = 0.170, p = 0.001). Humanitarianism/egalitarianism did not predict OCB. Regression analysis confirmed supportive leadership as the best predictor of OCB (Beta = 0.350, p < 0.001), followed by participative leadership (Beta = 0.170, p < 0.001). Organizational commitment also positively and significantly contributed to the facilitation of OCB (Beta = 0.070, p = 0.028) and the enhancement of the positive effects of supportive and participative leadership. Commitment did not, however, reverse the negative impact of directive leadership (p = 0.183). In conclusion, the studies verify participative and supportive leadership to result in OCB induction, and directive leadership to be counter-productive.
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PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION AMONG POSTNATAL WOMEN SEEKING CARE IN NSINZE HEALTH CENTRE IV, NAMUTUMBA DISTRICT
(UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, 2025-10-06) GALIKWOLEKA SUZAN LILLIAN
Introduction: Postpartum Depression is one of the most common and specific problems during pregnancy and after. Postpartum depression affects both the mothers and the development of the infant is affected negatively and yet routine screening of mental health in pregnant women has not been included into health services, specifically maternal health. Objective: To determine the prevalence and assess factors associated with postpartum depression among postnatal women seeking care in Nsinze Health Centre IV, Namutumba District. Setting: The study was conducted in Nsinze Health Centre 1V, Namutumba district in Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done between December 2023 and February 2024 among 377 mothers. Systematic random sampling was done. Postpartum depression was assessed using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted. Findings with X 2 test of p<=05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Majority of the respondents were between the age of 25 to 35yrs. The prevalence of post-partum depression is 50.3%. The most critical risk factor identified is complications during pregnancy (High blood pressure, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, placenta Previa or abrasion and Ectopic pregnancy), which affected women being 2.78 times more likely to experience postpartum depression (AOR = 2.78; P = 0.001). Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of PPD. Findings highlight key risk factors— pregnancy complications, familial depression history, age and buying expendables while at the facility and suggest the need for targeted interventions. Overall, proactive recognition and management of these risks by healthcare providers are essential for improving maternal PPD health outcomes.
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NON-MONETARY REWARD AND EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT,A CASE STUDY OF SERERE DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT.
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-10-03) MUGABI JOSEPH
The study was conducted to analyze the relationship between non-monetary reward and employee performance in Serere District local government.The study was based on the following three specific objectives namely (1) to establish the relationship between appreciation and employee performance in Serere District local government,(11) to find out the relationship between opportunities for professional development and employee performance in Serere District local government,(111) to determine the relationship between flexible work schedule and employee performance in Serere District local government.The target population of the study consist of ninety three respondents (93) heads of departments and sector heads of Serere District local government from whom seventy two (72) respondents were selected ,the target population spread in the departments of finance education, planning, Administration,health ,production.Data collection instruments includes questionnaire and interview guide.
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HEADTEACHER COMMUNICATION STYLES AND TEACHER PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NAKAPIRIPIRIT DISTRICT, IN KARAMOJA SUB-REGION, UGANDA
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-09-20) Nandudu Christine
The study looked at how head teachers' communication strategies affected secondary school teachers' performance in the Karamoja sub-region of northeastern Uganda's Nakapiripirit District. The study specifically aimed to determine how the use of passive communication styles by head teachers, aggressive communication styles, passive-aggressive communication styles, and assertive communication styles affected the performance of teachers in secondary schools in the Nakapiripirit District. The study used a cross-sectional survey research design, gathering data from 124 respondents using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Purposive and simple random samplings were used to choose the respondents, and in-person interviews and a self-administered questionnaire were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics produced by the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS-version 20) were used to evaluate the quantitative data, and thematic and content analyses were used to study the qualitative data. The study found out that for objective one, at R2 .085; p=.008 < .05; for objective two, at R2 .064; p=.022 < .05; for objective three, at R2 .333; p=.000 < .05; for objective four, R2 .127; p=.001 < .05; and overall, at R2 .358; p=.000 < .05. The study concluded that Headteachers’ application of passive communication style accounts for 8.5% of teacher performance and has a significant effect on teacher performance in the secondary schools; Headteachers’ application of aggressive communication style accounts for 6.4% of teacher performance which also has a significant effect on teacher performance in the secondary schools; Headteachers’ application of passive-aggressive communication style accounts for 33.3% of the teacher performance which has a strong significant effect on teacher performance in the secondary schools; Headteachers’ application of assertive communication style accounts for 12.7% of the teacher performance which also has a significant effect on teacher performance in the secondary schools; and overall, headteacher communication styles account for 35.8% change in teacher performance which have a strong significant effect on teacher performance in the secondary schools in Nakapiripirit District. The study recommends among other things that head teachers should utilize a blend of the four communication styles to get the best results regarding teacher performance in schools. Key words: Headteacher Communication Styles, teacher performance, secondary schools, Nakapiripirit district, Uganda.