UCU Digital Institutional Repository(UCUDIR)

Welcome to the Uganda Christian University Digital Institutional Repositoy (UCUDIR). This is the University's official Institutional Repository. It aims to collect, preserve and showcase the intellectual output of staff and students of UCU. This growing collection of research includes peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, working papers, theses, and more.

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Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Recent Submissions

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Service Recovery Efforts as Key to Passenger Loyalty in the Airline Industry: The Case of Rwanda Air
(SEAHI PUBLICATIONS, 2018-03) Arthur Nuwagaba; Polly Bangambaki Namaye; Frank Ahimbisibwe; Sarah Nabachwa; Lydia Kisekka Namateefu; Grace Flavia Lamuno
The study sought to understand how service recovery efforts influence passenger loyalty in the airline industry using the case of Rwanda Air. This study was motivated by the fact that service failure and service recovery have attracted considerable attention in the airline industry. The study was premised on the objective to establish whether the service recovery efforts by the airlines influence passenger loyalty. Using a closed ended- on line administered questionnaire, the respondents were asked to rate the different constructs of service recovery identified through literature review. These respondents were only corporate passengers got from the Rwanda air offices in Kampala and Kigali. The questionnaires were then downloaded and entered into SPSS for Analysis. The relationship between Service Recovery and passenger Loyalty were analysed based on four items as independent variables (Reliability, Responsiveness, assurance and Empathy). Results show that there is a statistical significant positive relationship between service recovery and passenger loyalty, F (4, 86) = 2.461, p< 0.05. R Square .061, this implies that 6.1% of variation in passenger Loyalty was explained by the independent variables included in the model.
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Service Quality, Customer Loyalty and Customer Retention among Private Health Care Services in Mbarara City
(Scientific Research Publishing, 2024-01-19) Nuwagaba Arthur; Nayiga Harriet; Mabel Birungi Komunda; Tom Mugizi
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between service quality, customer loyalty, and customer retention within private healthcare facilities in Mbarara City. It specifically focused on how service quality affects customer retention and loyalty, and how loyalty in turn influences retention. A cross-sectional design was used, with data collection and analysis conducted quantitatively. The study encompassed 36 operational private healthcare centres, with their customers serving as the subjects of the investigation. The study distributed self-administered closed-ended questionnaires to the participants, and the data collected was later processed and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS), version 21. To address the research objectives, Pearson correlation was utilized to examine the relationships between the variables under investigation, while Ordinary Least Square regression was employed to assess the model’s predictive capability. The study revealed a noteworthy positive relationship between service quality and customer loyalty, as well as a significant positive correlation between customer loyalty and customer retention. However, it was determined that the link between service quality and customer retention was not statistically significant. Therefore, there is a need for private healthcare management to focus on service quality to improve customer loyalty. This means that activities related to the reliability of the health staff, positive responsiveness of the doctors and other employees in the health centres, ensuring that the patients are assured of quality service and equipping the health facility with the right machines that can test and treat diseases, this will help in improving customer loyalty hence customer retention among private health care services in Mbarara City.
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The Relationship Between Loan Assessment and Financial Performance of SACCOs: Evidence From Uganda S
(Bishop stuart university, 2023-03-30) Arthur Nuwagaba; Baluku Watsema; Anthony Agume
The study set out to examine the relationship between loan assessment and financial performance of SACCOs in Mbarara Municipality. The study adopted a non-experimental cross-sectional research design. The study was both descriptive and analytical in nature with a quantitative approach of data collection and analysis. The study gathered quantitative data from 109 participants using questionnaires. Quantitative data gathered using questionnaires was coded and entered into SPSS version 20 for analysis. The analysis was done and findings presented using descriptive statistics in form of frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviations. Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to ascertain the statistical significance between the independent and dependent variables. Findings from the study revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between loan assessment and financial performance of SACCOs (r=0.870**, p<0.000). The study concluded that loan assessment positively influences financial performance of SACCOs. The study recommends that SACCOs need to adopt well thought and efficient loan assessment strategies as means to improve their financial performance.
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The Influence of Operational Managerial Competencies of Business Owners and Managers on Performance of Small-Scale Businesses in Sheema Municipality, Sheema District
(2023-12) Arthur Nuwagaba; Ndyanabo Crinard; Agume K. Anthony
This study assessed the influence of operational managerial competencies on performance of small-scale businesses with special emphasis on the experiences in Sheema Municipality. A cross-sectional design with a quantitative method was used to conduct the study on small-scale businesses in Sheema Municipality. According to the 2021 Sheema Municipality Commercial Office records, the total number of small-scale businesses in Sheema Municipality is 2659, which constituted this study’s target population. This study’s sample size was obtained using Yamane (1967) formula, n = 2659/ (1 + (2659 * 0.052) = 347.80902551, which was approximately, 348 people and the study population included small-scale business owners, managers and resourceful people. The correlational research design was used to make inference about the population from drawing from the sample findings. The study employed stratified random sampling in which 309 respondents participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the data from small-scale businesses entities. The findings also revealed that for each additional increase in overall rigour of operational managerial competencies of business owners and managers, performance of small-scale businesses in Sheema Municipality was likely to get an average increase of 2.149 units in performance of small-scale businesses (β = 2.149, p = 0.000). It was concluded that business small-scale business attach importance to operational managerial competencies. The study results led to rejection of the null hypothesis of this study and alternative hypothesis stating that operational managerial competencies of business owners and managers significantly influence performance of small-scale businesses in Sheema Municipality was accepted.
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Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies (SACCOS) As a Source Of Financing Agriculture. Challenges and Lessons Learnt
(Uganda Christian University, 2012) Arthur Nuwagaba
There is growing urge by farmers to form Savings Credit and Cooperative Societies (SACCOs) in Uganda and Mbarara District is no exception. There are over 100 registered SACCOs (District Commercial officer- Mbarara District). Majority of the members of these cooperative societies are farmers who have savings and in most cases do not have collateral to stake in commercial banks and other financial institutions to access Loans. The paper seeks to discuss the contribution of SACCOs as a source of financing agriculture, challenges faced by the SACCOs, lessons learnt and the way forward. This is an empirical study that will be based on what is on ground. It will use some empirical data and will rely mostly on primary data other than secondary data. Agriculture is a back bone of Uganda’s Economy. Almost 70% of Uganda’s exports are agro-based (The New Vision) and the agriculture sector employs 73.3% of the active labour force compared to services which employ 22.5% and industry only 4.2%. There have been concerted efforts by government to improve agriculture and make the agriculture sector more attractive. The many strategies employed by government to make agriculture more attractive include, mechanization, improved seed distribution, farmers education and provision of soft loans. In a bid to finance agriculture, the government of Uganda has encouraged and promoted cooperative societies as an engine to accelerate the accessibility of loans from these cooperative societies which in this case are SACCOs. The aim of promoting these SACCOs is because in developing countries like Uganda, there are low levels of saving culture owing to poor underdeveloped stock markets, dominance of urban based commercial banks, Micro Deposit Taking Institutions (MDIs) and non regulated Micro finance institutions in the financial markets as vehicles for savings. Hence Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) are intended to offer an alternative to improve the above un- desirable situation in low income countries especially helping members who in most cases are farmers. Savings and Credit Co-operatives (SACCOs) are community membership-based financial institutions that are formed and owned by their members in promotion of their economic interests. These institutions mobilize and intermediate savings exclusively with in their membership under the co-operative statute 1991. Furthermore, they are one of the several types of cooperatives that are unique micro finance institutions categorized under tier four in the financial market and therefore not regulated by Bank of Uganda. Therefore, Savings and Credit Co-Operatives (SACCOs), one of the several types of co-operatives are unique, legal, member-based Micro-Finance Institutions (MFIs) and unlike many other Micro-Finance Institutions, SACCO owners are also the users of the service that the SACCOs offer.
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Top Management Team Characteristics and Per formance o f Ug andan State Ag encies
(University of Nairobi, 2022-10-07) Arthur Nuwagaba; Vincent Machuki; Owino Joseph; Caren Angima
There has been variation in the performance of state agencies in Uganda, with some displaying excellent results in following their mandates, while others are performing dismally. Past research has exhibited that Top Management Team (TMT) characteristics affect the performance of organisations. The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between TMT characteristics and the performance of Ugandan state agencies. The study was anchored on the upper echelons theory. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional research design. The target population of the study was the 201 state agencies in Uganda. The study adopted at least three members of the TMT depending on the number of TMT members of the 160 selected state agencies in Uganda to gather the required information. Primary data was gathered using a structured questionnaire that was administered online. Inferential statistics employed regression analysis to test the hypothesis and draw conclusions. The results of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between TMT characteristics and the performance of Ugandan State Agencies (Adjusted R2 = .241, F = 49.071, p<0.05. This study concluded that behavioural characteristics contributed more to the performance of agencies than psychological and demographic characteristics. The study recommends that the recruitment process of TMTs should include demographic, behavioural, and psychological characteristics as requirements. The management should focus on formulating their strategies of maintaining or hiring knowledgeable employees who have good experience and are in the age bracket of 40. Also, all state agencies in Uganda should think of policies on the capabilities of the individuals of the TMT. The study recommends a gender balance in Ugandan State Agencies to have gender inclusion in the government to have one-third gender representation.
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Moderating Effect of External Environment on the Relationship Between Tmt Characteristics and Performance of Ugandan State Agencies
(University of Nairobi, 2023-02-12) Arthur Nuwagaba; Caren Angima; Owino Joseph; Vincent Machuki
The main objective of this study was to examine if the external environment moderated the relationship between top management team (TMT) characteristics and the performance of Ugandan state agencies. The external environment was measured using the three dimensions of dynamism, complexity, and munificence. TMT characteristics were measured using the behavioural, demographic, and psychological characteristics of the TMTs. The study was anchored on the upper echelons, environmental dependency, and dynamic capabilities theories. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted. At least three TMT members of the 160 sampled state agencies out of the 201 state agencies in Uganda were selected. 152 agencies accounting for a 95% response rate responded and filled out the questionnaire. Primary data were gathered using a structured questionnaire. Hayes’ (2022) PROCESS Macro was used to test for moderating effect. The findings revealed that the external environment moderates the relationship between TMT characteristics and performance (Interaction term b=.857, t=3.773, p<0.05, ΔR2=.041, F=14.233). This study concludes that the external environment has a significant moderating effect on TMT characteristics and performance. This study recommends Ugandan state agencies to regularly assess and monitor the external environment to identify any changes that may impact the relationship between TMT characteristics and performance. In addition, state agencies should consider the specific TMT characteristics that are most important for driving performance in their particular operating context, and consider developing specific TMT characteristics to effectively navigate the external environment. This study also recommends policymakers consider the external environment when developing strategies to improve the performance of state agencies, evaluate the effectiveness of state agencies, and design and implement policies that affect state agencies.
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Aetiology and Treatment Outcome of Non-traumatic Small Bowel Perforations at Mbarara Hospital in South-Western Uganda
(BMC, 2012-12) D. Mutiibwa; A. Lopez; G. Tumusiime; D. Riding; A. Diaz
Background: Non-traumatic small bowel perforation (SBP) is the most common form of gastrointestinal perforation in sub-Saharan Africa. Although SBP is a surgical emergency associated with complications, information regarding its aetiology is scanty in Uganda. This study was aimed at determining the aetiology and document treatment outcomes of non-traumatic small bowel perforations in South-western Uganda. Methods: This was a descriptive case series of 87 consenting patients with non-traumatic SBP confirmed atlaparotomy, on the emergency ward of Mbarara University Teaching Hospital. They were enrolled from September 2011 to May 2012. Specimens for blood culture, stool microscopy, HIV testing and tissue biopsies at the site of perforation were collected and analyzed. Patient follow-up was done till discharge. Results: Of the 78 biopsies performed, 66(84.6%) had histological features suggestive of typhoid perforations while 12(15.4%) had features of non-specific inflammation. Salmonella typhi was isolated in 13(15.0%) out of the 87 patients. Isolates were susceptible to Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin. All patients tested HIV negative. Ascaris lumbricoides were seen in two patients. Re-laparotomy was done in four patients with new perforations, two with anastomotic breakdown and two with intra-abdominal abscesses. Wound sepsis was observed in 25(28.7%). Average length of hospital stay was 13 days. Some 10(11.5%) patients died. Conclusions: Most cases of non-traumatic SBP in south western Uganda are associated with Salmonella infection. There is need to enhance laboratory capacity to detect typhoid and preventive measures should be instituted in the general population.
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The Potential of Solanum Aethopicam Supplementation to Reduce the Anthropometric and Biochemical Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases Among Older Persons in Mukono Municipality, Uganda: A Before-and-After Study
(BMC, 2023-10-06) Gerald Tumusiime; Elizabeth Kizito Balyejusa; Anthony Kkonde; Mildred Julian Nakanwagi; Stephen Tukwasibwe; Catherine Ndagire; Martin Mutambuka
Background: Non-communicable diseases contribute to over 70% of all deaths globally with the majority of the deaths in low and middle-income countries. Although increased vegetable consumption is a cost-effective intervention to mitigate the burden of non-communicable diseases, little is known about African indigenous vegetables to guide their consumption, especially among older persons. This study, aimed at exploring the potential of dietary Solanum aethopicam Shum supplementation in the reduction of the risk of non-communicable diseases among older persons aged 50 years and above in Mukono municipality,Uganda. Methods: This was a before-and-after study of 100 community-dwelling older persons aged 50 years and above residing in cosmopolitan Mukono Municipality in central Uganda. The meal of each participant was supplemented with 375g of Solanum aethiopicum Shum per day for four weeks. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were collected at baseline and at the end of the four weeks. All measurements were taken in the morning after an overnight fast. Data was entered into an Excel sheet and transferred to STATA software for analysis. All data was summarized in tables and texts. Results: Of the 100 older persons aged 50 to 88 years (mean 63 ± 10), 60% were females and on average, males were older than females. Based on the body mass index, five percent were underweight, 40% were normal, and 55% were overweight or obese at baseline. After supplementation with Solanum aethiopicum Shum, three percent were normal, 44% were normal and 53% were overweight or obese. Also, there was a mean reduction in the participants’ weight, body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, abdominal girth, hip circumference, and C-reactive protein. Conclusion: The results suggest that supplementation of the older persons’ diet with Solanum aethiopicum Shum improves their nutrition status, and leads to a reduction in the mean weight, body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, abdominal girth, hip circumference, and C-reactive protein levels. Dietary supplementation with Solanum aethiopicum Shum should be promoted as a potential strategy to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases among older persons.
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Surgical Mortality at a Mission Hospital in Western Uganda
(College of Surgeons of East Central and Southern Africa, 2010-08) Gerald Tumusiime
Background: Audit of Surgical mortality seeks to focus on improvement in the process of surgical care and not on individual surgical ability. Audit of surgical mortality was conducted to establish the factors associated with the surgical deaths in Virika Hospital to propose ways of improvement. Methods: The study was conducted in Virika Mission Hospital in Western Uganda, a 155 bed capacity hospital with a surgical bed capacity of 32 located in rural Uganda.Individual case file review of the fourty three surgical deaths from 1st July 2008 to 31st June 2009 was conducted. Additional data was retrieved from hospital admission register, operation registers, and death certificate books. Results: The operation death rate was 1.3%, all were emergencies, and 82.6% were done under general anaesthesia and17.4% died on table. The laparotomy death rate was 12.5%, Herniorrhaphy 0.9%, drainage of pus 1.4% and wound suture 0.4%. Surgery was delayed due to lack of blood in only one case but there was no record of lack of any resource for delaying surgery. Surgical conditions were: Injuries 39.5%, Intestinal perforations 30.2%, Intestinal obstruction 20.9% and others 9.3%. The hospital had no high dependency unit and no intensive care unit. No postmortem was conducted in all cases. Conclusion: Overall the Audit identified client, provider, administrative and community-related factors that need to be addressed collectively to reduce surgical mortality in Virika hospital.Audit of surgical mortality should be part of the health workers’ general approach to making more information available in a meaningful way for continuous improvement of surgical services.