UCU Digital Institutional Repository(UCUDIR)

Welcome to the Uganda Christian University Digital Institutional Repositoy (UCUDIR). This is the University's official Institutional Repository. It aims to collect, preserve and showcase the intellectual output of staff and students of UCU. This growing collection of research includes peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, working papers, theses, and more.

  • The Repository ingests documents, audio, video, datasets and their corresponding Dublin Core metadata
  • The aim is to open up this content to local and global audiences, with have optimized well for Google Scholar so your items here shows up on Google Scholar searches
  • we also issue permanent urls and trustworthy identifiers, including optional integrations with handle.net and DataCite DOI

Not Registered? click here to Register or or if already registered: Click To submit your Item

For more information visit any UCU Library branch

 

Communities in UCUDIR

Select a community to browse its collections.

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Recent Submissions

Item
Potential of Alum Sludge from Katosi Drinking Water Treatment Plant for Reduction of Phosphorus in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent in Uganda
(2024-02-29) Sharon Anneys Naayo
In response to the global surge in wastewater production due to population growth and economic development, improving wastewater treatment is crucial. The presence of excess nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P), in wastewater effluent poses a significant threat of eutrophication. This study, therefore, set out to assess the potential of reusing alum sludge from the Katosi Drinking Water Treatment Plant (KDWTP) as a phosphorus adsorbent in wastewater effluent, aiming at finding a more sustainable and effective alum sludge disposal solution while reducing environmental and health risks associated with P-contamination. Effluent samples were analysed for total phosphorus, temperature, pH, and turbidity. Alum sludge was characterized using a variety of methods (pH, moisture content, FTIR, XRF, and SEM analyses). Phosphorus reduction was evaluated using alum sludge granules (ASG) prepared by binding oven-dried alum sludge with Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in batch experiments. The effect of varying contact time and ASG masses on phosphorus reduction was investigated. The adsorption behaviour was described by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and statistical tests were used to determine model suitability and group differences. The alum sludge exhibited favourable characteristics for phosphorus adsorption, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3 mg/g. The highest reduction, 86 %, was achieved at 24 hours of contact at an ASG mass of 9 g. The Langmuir isotherm model, with a coefficient of determination, R², of 0.743, provided the best fit for total phosphorus adsorption onto ASG, demonstrating the potential of reusing alum sludge from the Katosi Drinking Water Treatment Plant for phosphorus reduction in wastewater effluent in Uganda. Further field testing, pilot studies, and exploration of granulation techniques are recommended for real-world applications.
Item
Centrality of Minority Languages in Development Programs: Analysis of how Aliba, Gimara and Reli Languages of North Western Uganda can be Considered Central in Language Development Programs
(2023-10-24) Reuben Ngosa Kabwe
This study analyzed why Aliba, Gimara, and Reli languages have not been considered central in language development programs. The central research question was “Why are Aliba, Gimara and Reli languages not considered central in the language development programs? The specific objectives of the study were; To find out how the useability; survival, distinctiveness; and representation of the Aliba, Gimara and Reli ethnic groups contribute to their consideration in languages development programs. The research adopted an action research design using a qualitative research design, based on descriptive approaches. A sample of 218 respondents were considered for the study although data was collected from 195 respondents selected using Morgan and Kreigie sampling tables. Findings on useability showed that Aliba, Gimara and Reli are spoken in their communities, that is in their homes, worship places, markets, and other public places. However, these minority languages have been suppressed and submerged by the prestige languages in the region even when they are being used. These languages risk extinction if not considered central in language development programs. On survival, it was clearly noted by the researcher that most respondents from Aliba, Gimara and Reli indicated that they had never seen or read anything written in their own languages. For many years Aliba, Gimara and Reli people have not received the necessary help to intentionally engage in activities that grow their language and culture.On distinctiveness, findings showed that Aliba, Gimara and Reli are distinct languages that need to be considered as such and not as minor or dialects to bigger languages. Alibas are proud to identify themselves as such and therefore speak Aliba at home and outside of their homes. This is the same with Gimara and Reli as shown in the study findings. On representations, it was found that Reli, Aliba and Gimara are not adequately represented on language development platforms because they are usually subdued and overshadowed by the majority languages that make them feel inferior. At the national level they are not yet scheduled in the constitution as indigenous languages in Uganda. On use ability the study recommends that development partners should initiate possible programs to develop orthographies which will enable these languages to come up with alphabets of their languages and also develop language writing systems. On distinctiveness, the study recommends that an initiative be taken to submit a formal request to the government seeking to be officially recognized as distinct indigenous languages on the national language identification list. On survival, the study recommends that the Church and development partners should begin efforts to translate scripture in these languages to enable the people to read and worship God freely in their indigenous languages. On representation, the study recommends that the different forums in which Aliba, Gimara and Reli people are found should be given adequate representation to articulate their needs as opposed to depending on views from majority languages who do not support their inclusion in language development.
Item
Role Conflict and Burnout of Administrators in Higher Education Institutions in Uganda
(2023-10-18) Faith Mbabazi
Based on the role conflict theory, the study examined role conflict and job burnout of Higher Educational Institutions administrators in Uganda. Therefore, the study sought to fill the gap since most studies on burnout that have been conducted in universities are about Teaching staff not on administrators. The study also aimed at examining the link between role conflict and burnout among administrators since they interact with students, staff and the public. The specific objectives of the study included the following: To establish the effect of role conflict on burnout of academic administrators. To examine the effect of role conflict on burnout of administrators. To examine the institutional differences on influence of role conflict and burnout among Higher Education administrators. To assess the role conflict and burnout experiences among university administrators. The study employed a mixed methods research specifically explanatory sequential approach. A burnout inventory and interview tools were administered to respondents and participants. Findings revealed the following: Role Conflict led to burnout especially on academic administrators with length of service having a significant relation with emotional exhaustion. Role conflict led to burnout with Time based construct, Age and Gender of respondents having significant relationship with emotion exhaustion. On institutional levels administrators from both Universities experienced role conflict and burnout The qualitative findings indicated quite a number of experiences that the participants were going through which showed the presence of role conflict and burnout. The study concluded that role conflict is a predictor of burnout dimensions most especially emotional exhaustion of academic and administrators across institutions. Higher education administrators should be interested in the mental state of their staff because as earlier noted emotional exhaustion was the most significantly burnout dimension predicted by role conflict. Key Words: Role Conflict, Burnout, Academic Administrators, Administrators Higher Educational Institutions
Item
Events and Generation of Oral Literature: The Murder and Burial of Bishop James Hannington as a Case Study
(2015-05-10) Wankuma Abel Kibbedi
This study focuses on two events, namely the death and burial of Bishop Hannington, in order to help us understand the generation and development of oral narratives. It follows the path that has been cleared by scholars in African Literature like Hofmeyr who combine multiple approaches to the study of Oral Literature, that is, History, Anthropology, and Sociology. It proves that much oral literature can be produced from a single event. The study looks at the generation of oral literature from the death and burial of Bishop James Hannington the first Anglican bishop of the Equatorial Province. The researcher visited the sites of the murder and a place where the bishop’s body was kept for a while before the first burial. He interviewed several informants from whom very insightful information was got. The conclusion is that much oral literature can be generated from an event as here reported and documented in this dissertation.
Item
Shifting Narrative Styles in The Fiction of Timothy Wangusa and Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi
(2023-10-13) Wankuma Abel Kibbedi
This thesis examines how Timothy Wangusa and Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi make a shift in the narrative styles in their fictive prose works. It fills a knowledge gap on how Wangusa and Makumbi employ style in a distinguished manner to achieve a significant shift in use of style in their fiction prose works. The research was guided by two study objectives establishing the shift from the traditional Eurocentric styles to more African contemporaneous styles of writing for both authors. They employ autoethnography as a self-cultural style of writing African prose fiction. The study employed a qualitative research design. Research instruments included textual checklists, a close reading of selected primary texts and secondary materials, and interview guides administered to the two authors to determine their respective standpoints on several contemporary theoretical views on creative, compositional assumptions, and parameter and values. The philosophical underpinnings of the Russian literary theorist, Mikhail Bakhtin, and American decolonization theorist, Mary Louise Pratt, were particularly helpful, especially Bakhtin’s concepts of Dialogism and Pratt’s theory of The Contact Zone. Heteroglossia and the art of the Contact Zone respectively were used to analytically study the individual styles and styles within the genre to ascertain the shift[s]. The study established that both authors make a significant shift in their style[s] both within the prose fiction and the genre at large. This is done through deploying African orality in all forms while addressing contemporary issues. The study established that the authors were more aware of modern theories of writing and hence their expression in the fictive works is far more contemporaneous in comparison to other writers. The study recommends that since Wangusa and Makumbi adopt new and different styles that are worth exploring by other writers, and that researchers may replicate this study with other writers and their styles.
Item
Stigma, HIV/AIDS treatment seeking behavior among youth living with HIV in Kampala city, Uganda
(Makerere University, 2024-01) Kiwanuka, Anthony
This study sought to discover to what extent stigma affects HIV and AIDS treatment-seeking behavior among youths aged 18-24 in Kampala city. It also examines how anticipated stigma and non- disclosure of HIV status affects health-seeking behavior, and the experiences of living with HIV and AIDS. The study employed qualitative approaches involving purposive selection of study participants who included youths living with HIV. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions, and Key Informant Interviews. It was analyzed using thematic and content methods that were phenomenological. This study was guided by theories of stigma including Goffman and Deacon’s sustainable theory of health – related stigma as well as cognitive behavioral theory and coping. All the youths in this study suffered self-stigma the first time they were diagnosed with HIV. They further felt other forms of stigma namely: internal, social, and discrimination. Being HIV positive was associated with punishment for bad behavior. Apportioning blame to HIV positive youths as self-inflicted by the community was common, thus, affecting youths' urge to seek treatment. Youths’ fear of rejection and discrimination pervaded all aspects and their lives; from home to clinics, and community. Seeking treatment was not a common practice among HIV positive youths. Fear of rejection, lack of disclosure, denial and being asymptomatic, belief in witchcraft and other spiritual beliefs were key barriers to seeking treatment. This study highlights that the youth felt most stigmatized in comparison to other groups. Interactions and negative experiences in government healthcare settings contributed to a reduced engagement around seeking healthcare. To combat stigma and discrimination, interventions must focus on the individual, environment and policy levels. What is needed now is the political will and resources to support and scale up stigma reduction activities through health care settings in Uganda, to engage youth into empowerment groups of self determination and social change, work with social workers’ organizations and use law to advance legal protection. The key recommendations from this research include the empowerment of the stigmatized group, i.e. the YLWHA, as well as their involvement in the design and implementation of prevention programs. Furthermore the focus of health education for behavior change communication strategies are family members or those with significant relationships to YLWHA, and health care providers, who were the major groups found to discriminate against PLWHA.
Item
Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of secondary school teenagers towards HIV transmission and prevention in rural and urban areas of central Uganda
(Scientific Research Publishing, 2016-07) Rukundo, Annamaria; Muwonge, Mathias M.; Mugisha, Danny; Aturwanaho, Dickens; Kasangaki, Arabat; Bbosa, Godfrey S.
HIV/AIDS has remained a challenge in Uganda among adolescent despite the ABC strategy used globally to prevent HIV infection. The study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of secondary school teenagers towards HIV transmission and prevention in rural and urban schools of central Uganda. A cross sectional study using self-administered questionnaires and structured interviews was used to collect data from adolescents in secondary schools in Kampala and Buikwe districts. Eight schools were randomly selected with 4 schools in each district. A total of 245 students from schools were recruited in the study with 120 and 125 students from urban Kampala and rural Buikwe district schools respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11. The results were expressed as percentages in a 2 × 2 tables. The mean age of the participants was 15.9 ± 2.5 years. Results showed that 95.1% participants had knowledge on HIV/AIDS in both urban and rural schools and 27.4% knew all the modes of HIV transmission. About 83.7% knew the ABC strategy for HIV prevention and 37.6% would talk about HIV/AIDS mainly with friends. For HIV cure, 62.0% of study participants reported non-cure and 24.9% were not sure. The remaining 13.1% of the study participants in both urban and rural schools reported that HIV can be cured. And the modes of curing HIV that were mentioned by participants included spiritual healing, transmitting it to others through sexual intercourse and that antiretroviral (ARVs) drugs can cure it as well as that it can be cured abroad. About 65.7% of participants reported recognition of one with HIV/ AIDS and by having red lips, being sickly; weight loss, skin rash and being very rich were mentioned. About 39.2% of the study participants mentioned that they cannot get infected with HIV and can’t contract HIV at all and 18.4% believed that chances of getting HIV infection were high. On perception and attitude on condoms and their use, participants reported that it is a sign of mistrust, reduces sexual pleasures and they are embarrassing to buy. Majority of the participants in both urban and rural schools had some knowledge on HIV/AIDS and the ABC strategy for HIV prevention. However, there was a knowledge gap on the various modes of HIV transmission and prevention. There was misconception of the participants on HIV/AIDS cure, condom use and on the chances of contracting HIV. About the source of HIV/AIDS information, majority of the participants were getting information on HIV/AIDS from friends of which some information was misleading. This false information could be the reason for the increased HIV prevalence reported among the adolescents in the schools. Generally, participants had some knowledge on HIV/AIDS though they had knowledge gap on HIV transmission and prevention.
Item
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Dental Caries Among Children and Adults in Selected Districts in Uganda
(African Health Sciences, 2015-12) Kutesa, Annet; Kasangaki, Arabat; Nkamba, Moses; Muwazi, Louis; Okullo, Isaac; Rwenyonyi, Charles Mugisha
Objective: The aim was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with dental caries among adults and children in seven districts of Uganda. Methods: Participants aged 11-13 (n=1230) and 35-44 years (n=648) were randomly selected from urban and rural areas of Gulu, Soroti, Jinja, Masaka, Kabale, Kabarole and Hoima districts. They were examined by 4 trained and calibrated dentists for dental caries using Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth index as described by World Health Organisation. Results: Overall mean DMFT score was 0.73 for children and 4.71 for adults. Generally, there was a higher mean DMFT score in the rural (2.19) compared to urban areas (1.97). In all the districts, except Hoima, there was a higher mean DMFT score of children in rural compared to urban. In adults, similar trend was mainly registered in Masaka, Hoima and Gulu dis tricts. Most participants (79.9%, n=1309) occasionally ate sugared snacks. Overall, 95% (n=1795) of the participants cleaned their teeth with plastic tooth brushes (71.7%) and chewing sticks (8.3%). Conclusion: Although the severity of dental caries was low, the disease was widespread in the study population. A high proportion of participants reported consumption of sugared snacks and drinks, which calls for oral health education.
Item
Seasonality of Burkitt's lymphoma in Uganda
(Indian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 2014-09) Muwazi, Louis; Rwenyonyi, Charles Mugisha; Kutesa, Annet; Kasangaki, Arabat; Kamulegeya, Adriane
Background/Aims: Burkitt’s lymphoma is the most common childhood oral maxillofacial tumor in Africa and some studies have reported seasonal variation. Materials and Methods: All Burkitt’s cases diagnosed from 1969 to 2006, from all over Uganda, at the Makerere University’s Department of Pathology, were analyzed, to determine seasonal variation. This was done by evaluation of monthly and rainy versus dry season prevalence. Statistical analysis: The Wilcoxon test was used in both cases, to assess the statistical significance of differences in the diagnostic rates of Burkitt’s lymphoma, in comparison to nonspecific chronic inflammation, using the total as the denominator. Yearly variation in prevalence was examined by a Chi‑square test for linear trend. Mann‑Whitney tests were done to compare the climatic regions. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to test for differences when gender, seasons and climatic regions were factored in. Results: Although monthly frequencies varied considerably over the period, none of the differences were statistically significant (Pearson’s 15.199, degrees of freedom df = 11, P = 0.174). Likewise, there was no statistically significant difference in the total number of Burkitt’s and nonspecific chronic inflammation biopsies handled at the Department during the rainy and dry seasons. Conclusion: Although the 38‑year period gave us sufficient numbers to use the Edward’s method for seasonality, it also meant that a lot of seasonal changes that occurred during the period were not taken into consideration. We hence feel that a review of this data with weather experts, so as to group the biopsies into accurate rainfall and dry patterns, would yield a more authoritative publication.
Item
Task shifting in health service delivery from a decision and policy makers’ perspective: a case of Uganda
(BMC, 2018) Baine, Sebastian Olikira; Kasangaki, Arabat; Baine, Euzobia Margaret Mugisha
Background: Documented evidence shows that task shifting has been practiced in Uganda to bridge the gaps in the health workers’ numbers since 1918. The objectives of this study were to provide a synthesis of the available evidence on task shifting in Uganda; to establish levels of understanding, perceptions on task shifting and acceptability from the decision and policy makers’ perspective; and to provide recommendations on the implications of task shifting for the health of the population in Ugandan and human resource management policy. Methods: This was a qualitative study. Data collection involved review of published and unpublished literature, key informant interviews and group discussion for stakeholders in policy and decision making positions. Data was analyzed by thematic content analysis (ethical clearance number: SS 2444). Results: Task shifting was implemented with minimal compliance to the WHO recommendations and guidelines. Uganda does not have a national policy and guidelines on task shifting. Task shifting was unacceptable to majority of policy and decision makers mainly because less-skilled health workers were perceived to be incompetent due to cases of failed minor surgery, inappropriate medicine use, overwork, and inadequate support supervision. Conclusions: Task shifting has been implemented in Uganda for a long time without policy guidance and regulation. Policy makers were not in support of task shifting because it was perceived to put patients at risk of drug abuse, development of drug resistance, and surgical complications. Evidence showed the presence of unemployed higher-skilled health workers in Uganda. They could not be absorbed into public service because of the low wage bill and lack of political commitment to do so. Less-skilled health workers were remarked to be incompetent and already overworked; yet, the support supervision and continuous medical education systems were not well resourced and effective. Hiring the existing unemployed higher-skilled health workers, fully implementing the human resource motivation and retention strategy, and enforcing the bonding policy for Government-sponsored graduates were recommended.